Effect of 2 weeks of sprint interval training on health-related outcomes in sedentary overweight/obese men

Whyte, Laura J.; Gill, Jason M. R.; Cathcart, Andrew J.

doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2010.01.002

Cited by 324 publications

(457 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Importantly, the improvements were observed despite the low time commitment (totalling 30 minutes per week) and low required effort: RPE peaked at an average of 14 ('somewhat hard') in week 4 which is comparable with RPE scores reported with prolonged cycling at 50-75% V O2max (Borg 1982). This study extends the previous literature showing the beneficial effects of HIT (Burgomaster et al 2007;Babraj et al 2009;Richards et al 2010;Whyte et al 2010;Rakobowchuk et al 2008;Trilk et al 2010) by showing that the sprint number and duration can be substantially reduced whilst still maintaining positive effects.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Furthermore, we have recently demonstrated the beneficial effects of HIT on insulin sensitivity (Babraj et al 2009), a finding that has since been confirmed by others (Little et al 2011;Richards et al 2010;Whyte et al 2010). However, whilst these observations are interesting from a human physiological perspective, their translation into physical activity recommendations for the general population is uncertain for two reasons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…We (Babraj et al 2009) and others (Whyte et al 2010) have suggested that high levels of glycogen depletion observed during repeated 30-second Wingate sprints may play an important role in mediating improvements in insulin sensitivity following HIT. This hypothesis is based on evidence that muscle glycogen availability is inversely related to muscle cell membrane GLUT4 content during insulin stimulation (Derave et al 2000), glycogen synthase activity (Jensen et al 2006), the expression of GLUT4 mRNA (Steinberg et al 2006), and hence insulin sensitivity (Derave et al 2000;Jensen et al 2006;Kawanaka et al 2000;Laurent et al 2000;Litherland et al 2007;Richter et al 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 71%

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Towards the minimal amount of exercise for improving metabolic health: beneficial effects of reduced-exertion high-intensity interval training

et al. 2011

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High-intensity interval training (HIT) has been proposed as a time-efficient alternative to traditional cardiorespiratory exercise training, but is very fatiguing. In this study we investigated the effects of a reduced-exertion HIT (REHIT) exercise intervention on insulin sensitivity and aerobic capacity.Twenty-nine healthy but sedentary young men and women were randomly assigned to the REHIT intervention (men: n=7, women n=8) or a control group (men n=6; women n=8). Subjects assigned to the control groups maintained their normal sedentary lifestyle, whilst subjects in the training groups completed 3 exercise sessions per week for 6 weeks. The 10-min exercise sessions consisted of low intensity cycling (60 Watts) and one (1 st session) or two (all other sessions) brief 'all-out' sprints (10 s in week 1, 15 s in weeks 2-3 and 20 s in the final 3 weeks). Aerobic capacity (V O2peak) and the glucose and insulin response to a 75-g glucose load (OGTT) were determined before and 3 days after the exercise program. Despite relatively low ratings of perceived exertion (RPE: 13±1), insulin sensitivity significantly increased by 28% in the male training group following the REHIT intervention (P<0.05). V O2peak increased in the male training (+15%) and female training (+12%) groups (P<0.01). In conclusion we show that a novel, feasible exercise intervention can improve metabolic health and aerobic capacity. REHIT may offer a genuinely time-efficient alternative to HIT and conventional cardiorespiratory exercise training for improving risk factors of T2D.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 71%

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Towards the minimal amount of exercise for improving metabolic health: beneficial effects of reduced-exertion high-intensity interval training

et al. 2011

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“…Furthermore, we demonstrated that EPOC is significantly greater following 10 min of REHIT compared to 30 min of moderate intensity aerobic exercise. These findings are of importance as several previous studies have observed reductions in fat mass following HIT with some evidence for superior reductions compared with traditional aerobic training (Whyte et al 2010;Gillen et al 2013;Heydari et al 2012;Trapp et al 2008). Since direct exercise energy expenditure is much lower with HIT compared with aerobic exercise, the (potentially superior) reductions in fat mass following HIT have been hypothesised to be a result of either an increase in energy expenditure through a more prolonged EPOC and/or a reduction in energy intake through suppression of appetite (Boutcher 2011).…”

Section: Rehit May Affect Energy Balancementioning

confidence: 72%

“…Furthermore, the acute disturbance in muscle metabolism is associated with a substantial disruption of wholebody/systemic homeostasis, including a prolonged increase in post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC), and alterations in the appetite regulating hormones acylated ghrelin and peptide YY in a direction which would be expected to suppress appetite (Hazell et al 2012;Williams et al 2013;Deighton et al 2013). Such changes may explain why studies have observed beneficial alterations in body composition following several weeks of HIT (Whyte et al 2010;Gillen et al 2013;Heydari et al 2012;Trapp et al 2008). However, to date little is known about whether these acute responses to 'classic' HIT are retained with shorter, more manageable protocols such as REHIT.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological and molecular responses to an acute bout of reduced-exertion high-intensity interval training (REHIT)

et al. 2015

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Physiological and molecular responses to REHIT 2 ABSTRACT Purpose:We have previously shown that six weeks of reduced-exertion high-intensity interval training (REHIT) improves VȮ2max in sedentary men and women, and insulin sensitivity in men. Here we present two studies examining the acute physiological and molecular responses to REHIT. Methods:In Study 1, five men and six women (age: 26±7 y, BMI: 23±3 kg•m -2 , VȮ2max: 51±11 ml•kg -1 •min -1 ) performed a single 10-min REHIT cycling session (60 W and two 20-s 'allout' sprints), with vastus lateralis biopsies taken before and 0, 30 and 180 min post-exercise for analysis of glycogen content, phosphorylation of AMPK, p38 MAPK and ACC, and gene expression of PGC1α and GLUT4. In Study 2, eight men (21±2 y; 25±4 kg•m -2 ; 39±10 ml·kg -1 ·min -1 ) performed three trials (REHIT, 30 min cycling at 50% of VȮ2max, and a resting control condition) in a randomised cross-over design. Expired air, venous blood samples, and subjective measures of appetite and fatigue were collected before and 0, 15, 30 and 90 min post-exercise.Results: Acutely, REHIT was associated with a decrease in muscle glycogen, increased ACC phosphorylation, and activation of PGC1α. When compared to aerobic exercise, changes in VȮ2, RER, plasma volume, and plasma lactate and ghrelin were significantly more pronounced with REHIT, whereas plasma glucose, NEFAs, PYY, and measures of appetite were unaffected. Conclusions:Collectively these data demonstrate that REHIT is associated with a pronounced disturbance of physiological homeostasis and associated activation of signalling pathways, which together may help explain previously observed adaptations once considered exclusive to aerobic exercise.

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High‐Intensity Interval Training for Knee Osteoarthritis: A Pilot Study

Golightly

Smith‐Ryan

Blue

et al. 2021

ACR Open Rheumatology

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Objective To assess the feasibility and changes in outcomes of a 12‐week high‐intensity interval training (HIIT) program in individuals with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (OA). Methods The single‐arm trial included 29 participants (mean ± SD age 63 ± 7 years; 66% women; 66% obese). Measures of participant flow, adherence, and tolerability were collected. Pain, function, and balance were assessed at baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, 20‐m fast‐paced walk test, 30‐second chair‐stand test, stair‐climb test, timed up and go test, and single leg stance. Cardiorespiratory fitness, strength, and body composition were evaluated using peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak), isometric knee extensor/flexor strength, and dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry, respectively. HIIT was completed two times/week (cycling or treadmill) and consisted of 10 repetitions of 1‐minute bouts at 90% VO2peak, with 1‐minute rest periods. Separate multivariable‐adjusted linear mixed models were fit for each outcome with fixed effects of time, age, sex, body mass index, and random effects of baseline values to estimate mean changes and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) between baseline and 12‐week assessments. Results Recruitment aligned with the anticipated enrollment rate, adherence was 70%, and no adverse events were reported. At 12 weeks, improvements were observed for most outcomes, with notable mean changes for the 20‐m fast‐paced walk (−1.13 [95% CI −1.61 to −0.64] seconds), 30‐second chair‐stand (2.6 [1.8‐3.4] stands), and VO2peak (0.14 [0.03‐0.24] liters/minute). Conclusion In this 12‐week pilot study, HIIT improved multiple aspects of health in individuals with knee OA; larger studies are needed.

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Effect of 2 weeks of sprint interval training on health-related outcomes in sedentary overweight/obese men

Cited by 324 publications

References 53 publications

Towards the minimal amount of exercise for improving metabolic health: beneficial effects of reduced-exertion high-intensity interval training

Towards the minimal amount of exercise for improving metabolic health: beneficial effects of reduced-exertion high-intensity interval training

Physiological and molecular responses to an acute bout of reduced-exertion high-intensity interval training (REHIT)

High‐Intensity Interval Training for Knee Osteoarthritis: A Pilot Study

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