Effect of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin on the immune system of laboratory animals.

Vos, J.G.; Moore, J. A.; Zinkl, Joseph G.

doi:10.1289/ehp.7305149

Cited by 186 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Different TCDD doses are probably a cause of a distinct white blood cell picture in rats with experimentally induced pleuritis being under the effect of TCDD received in current and recent studies. According to Vos et al [54, 55], low TCDD doses (about 0.2 μg per 1 kg of body weight) influence the humoral response displaying itself through the increase of α- and β-globulin levels and reduction of the ability for antibody synthesis in mice plasma. The dioxin’s affinity to DNA molecules suggests that dioxins could be responsible for the immunity decrease [45, 54, 55].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on Hematological Parameters During Experimentally Induced Pleuritis in Rats

et al. 2012

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Proper functioning of homeostatic mechanisms is characteristic for every healthy organism and enables adapting to environmental changes. These complicated systematic reactions can neutralize the harmful stress factors leading to various inflammatory reactions. The aim of this study was to determine dynamic changes in the inflammatory reaction after single 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) administration of 5 μg/kg body weight into rats with experimentally induced pleuritis. These changes were observed by monitoring the hematological blood parameters during inflammation. The obtained results proved that dioxins contribute to various changes in the character of the inflammatory response. TCDD administration before pleuritis initiation caused an increase of lymphocytes and significant decrease of the number of neutrophils during inflammation. The current study proved that administration of low TCDD dose (seven times lower than used in other studies) can cause thymus, spleen, or lymphatic gland atrophy. This finding indicates the toxic influence of small TCDD dose especially on the immune system.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on Hematological Parameters During Experimentally Induced Pleuritis in Rats

et al. 2012

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“…TCDD is known to induce a pronounced atrophy of thymus, spleen, and to a lesser extent, peripheral lymph nodes of rats, mice, and guinea pigs (8,19,20). Although there is species variation in the degree and severity of other organ effects, the effects of TCDD on lymphoid containing tissues is consistent in all species.…”

Section: Effects Of Tcdd On Immunitymentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Studies of immune function in several species of animals exposed as adults found cellular immune capabilities to be impaired (8,9). This circumstance combined with the teratogenic data that demonstrate the ability of TCDD to gain access to the fetus prompted investigation of the possible effect(s) of TCDD on the developing immune system.…”

Section: Effects Of Tcdd On Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunologic Response and Factors Affecting Its Assessment

Moore¹,

Faith²

1976

Environmental Health Perspectives

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JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.. The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) andBrogan & Partners are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Environmental Health Perspectives. lwhe potential harmful effects of toxic compounds on the developing immune system are discussed. This discussion is illustrated by results of studies on the effects of 2,3,7,8tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin on the developing immune system of Fischer rats. While this compound and several others have been shown to have immunosuppressive effects, the available data do not support routine evaluation of the consequence of chemical exposure to the developing immune system.

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“…*O* Moreover, TCDD in concentrations up to 0.1 pM has been found to have no cytotoxic effect on 23 cell lines cultured from tissue sensitive to TCDD in vivo, including lymphoc y t e~.~~~ In TCDD-exposed rats and mice, no overt thymocyte destruction is evident either: some investigators have reported the lack of cell death,303,432 whereas other studies have revealed low numbers of pyknotic thymocytes in moribund animals. 195,433 After administration of a high dose of TCDD, severe cortex atrophy was also seen in moribund guinea pigs together with considerable destruction of thymocytes, the debris being engulfed by tingible body M$.243, 433 Recently, the role of Fas (CD 95), an important molecule involved in the induction of apoptosis, was investigated in mice bearing homozygous lpr mutation, which fail to express Fas314 When TCDD was administered orally at dose levels of 0.1 to 5 pgkgld, it was found to be less toxic to the thymocytes from C57BL/6 lpr/lpr mice (Ahresponsive, Fas-), when compared with wild-type C57BL/6+'+ mice (Ah-responsive, Fas+). The Fasmice needed tenfold more TCDD to induce similar toxicity in the thymus as the Fas+ mice.…”

Section: A Thymocyte Apoptosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Effects of 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-P-Dioxin,bis(Tri-N-Butyltin)Oxide and Cyclosporine on Thymus Histophysiology

Ej¹,

Hj²,

H³

et al. 1997

Critical Reviews in Toxicology

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Recent advances in the histophysiology of the normal thymus have revealed its complex architecture, showing distinct microenvironments at the light and electron microscopic level. The epithelium comprising the major component of the thymic stroma is not only involved in the positive selection of thymocytes, but also in their negative selection. Dendritic cells, however, are more efficient than epithelial cells in mediating negative selection. Thymocytes are dependent on the epithelium for normal development. Conversely, epithelial cells need the presence of thymocytes to maintain their integrity. The thymus rapidly responds to immunotoxic injury. Both the thymocytes and the nonlymphoid compartment of the organ can be targets of exposure. Disturbance of positive and negative thymocyte selection may have a major impact on the immunological function of the thymus. Suppression of peripheral T-cell-dependent immunity as a consequence of thymus toxicity is primarily seen after perinatal exposure when the thymus is most active. Autoimmunity may be another manifestation of chemically mediated thymus toxicity. Although the regenerative capacity of thymus structure is remarkable, it remains to be clarified whether this also applies to thymus function. In-depth mechanistic studies on chemical-induced dysfunction of the thymus have been conducted with the environmental contaminants 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and bis(tri-n-butyltin)oxide (TBTO) as well as the pharmaceutical immunosuppressant cyclosporine (CsA). Each of these compounds exerts a differential effect on the morphology of the thymus, depending on the cellular targets for toxicity. TCDD and TBTO exposure results in cortical lymphodepletion, albeit by different mechanisms. An important feature of TCDD-mediated thymus toxicity is the disruption of epithelial cells in the cortex. TBTO primarily induces cortical thymocyte cell death. In contrast CsA administration results in major alterations in the medulla, the cortex remaining largely intact. Medullary epithelial cells and dendritic cells are particularly sensitive to CsA. The differential effects of these three immunotoxicants suggest unique susceptibilities of the various cell types and regions that make up the thymus.

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Effect of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin on the immune system of laboratory animals.

Abstract: Images FIGURE 1. FIGURE 2. FIGURE 3. a FIGURE 3. b FIGURE 4. FIGURE 5.

Cited by 186 publications

References 20 publications

The Influence of 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on Hematological Parameters During Experimentally Induced Pleuritis in Rats

The Influence of 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on Hematological Parameters During Experimentally Induced Pleuritis in Rats

Immunologic Response and Factors Affecting Its Assessment

Differential Effects of 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-P-Dioxin,bis(Tri-N-Butyltin)Oxide and Cyclosporine on Thymus Histophysiology

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