Effect and interaction of temperature and photoperiod on growth and partitioning in three groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) genotypes¹

Abstract

Effect of temperature and photoperiod and their interaction on plant growth and partitioning of dry matter to pods was examined in three selected groundnut genotypes uiz., TMV 2, NC Ac 17090 and VA 81B. The genotypes were grown in six walk-in growth chambers which were programmed to simulate three temperature regimes (22/18"C, 26/22"C and 30/26"C day/night) each under long (12 h) and short (9 h) photoperiods. The plant growth rates and partitioning of dry matter to pods were estimated on a thermal time basis.Plant growth rate (PLGR) was significantly influenced by temperature, photoperiod and genotype, whereas pod growth rate (PDGR) was influenced primarily by temperature and genotype. The interaction of genotype with photoperiod and with temperature was significant for both PLGR and PDGR. For example, at the 22/18"C temperature regime, VA 81B had a high PDGR. while NC Ac 17090 did not even initiate pod growth. The partitioning of dry matter to pods (Pf) was also significantly influenced by photoperiod, temperature and genotype, and significant interactions were found. Photoperiod did not significantly affect Pf under the low temperature regime, but at higher temperatures, partitioning to pods was significantly greater under short days. Pf of VA 81B was relatively insensitive to photoperiod compared with the other two genotypes. The study provided evidence of genotypic variability for photoperiod x temperature interactions which could influence adaptation of groundnut genotypes to new environments.

Simulation of the impact of high temperature stress on annual crop yields

“…• C. Data sources are coded as follows: K2001 , P1999 (Prasad, 1999), N1994 (Nigam et al, 1994 A. Parameter values used in the sensitivity analysis …”

Effect of Climate Change Factors on Processes of Crop Growth and Development and Yield of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

“…Pod weight reduction by high temperature (35/30 vs. 25/25 o C) was also reported by Talwar et al (1999) for three genotypes. Nigam et al (1994) reported that temperature had a significant effect (P<0.01) on pod growth rate but there was no overall effect of photoperiod. In the tested genotypes, highest pod growth rate was observed at 26/22 ºC compared to 22/18 o C and 30/26 o C.…”

“…Nigam et al (1994) studied the effect of temperature and photoperiod on growth and development of three genotypes of groundnut (TMV 2, NC Ac 17090 and VA 81B).…”

Effect of Soil Temperature on Vegetative and Reproductive Growth and Development in Three Spanish Genotypes of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

“…When water is nonlimiting, temperature and photoperiod are the major climatic factors affecting growth of peanut (Nigam et al, 1994). For the peanut crop with its subterranean fruiting habit, soil temperature could have a major influence on reproductive growth and develop ment.…”