Efeitos da queima na dinâmica da biomassa aérea de um campo nativo no Pantanal

Cardoso, E. L.; Crispim, S. M. A.; Rodrigues, C. A. G.; Júnior, Waldomiro Barioni

doi:10.1590/s0100-204x2003000600011

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…For this reason, this process may produce extensive damage to vegetation and may harm biodiversity conservation in the region. Furthermore, a scheme of recurrent burns during several years in the same area results in the biological and physicochemical degradation of the soil and thus in the reduction of aerial biomass [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accidental Fire in the Cerrado: Its Impact on Communities of Caterpillars on Two Species ofErythroxylum

Lepesqueur

Morais

Diniz

2012

Psyche: A Journal of Entomology

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Among the mechanisms that influence herbivorous insects, fires, a very frequent historical phenomenon in the cerrado, appear to be an important modifying influence on lepidopteran communities. The purpose of this study was to compare the richness, abundance, frequency, and composition of species of caterpillars in two adjacent areas of cerrado sensu stricto, one recently burned and one unburned since 1994, on the experimental farm "FazendaÁgua Limpa" (FAL) (15 • 55 S and 47 • 55 W), DF, Brazil. Caterpillars were surveyed on two plant species, genus Erythroxylum: E. deciduum A. St.-Hil. and E. tortuosum Mart. (Erythroxylaceae). We inspected a total of 4,196 plants in both areas, and 972 caterpillars were found on 13.3% of these plants. The number of plants with caterpillars (frequency) differed significantly between the areas. The results indicate that recent and accidental fires have a positive effect on the abundance of caterpillars up to one year postfire, increase the frequency of caterpillars associated with Erythroxylum species in the cerrado and do not affect the richness of caterpillars on these plants. Moreover, the fires change the species composition of caterpillars by promoting an increase in rare or opportunistic species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accidental Fire in the Cerrado: Its Impact on Communities of Caterpillars on Two Species ofErythroxylum

Lepesqueur

Morais

Diniz

2012

Psyche: A Journal of Entomology

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“…A queima da forragem, além de favorecer o rebrote da pastagem propriamente dito, disponibiliza maior quantidade de massa vegetal menos fibrosa para os animais, após o rebrote (Cardoso et al, 2003). Assim, entre outros objetivos, o fogo é utilizado como prática de manejo da pastagem, visando facilitar e estimular o pastejo da forragem nativa por parte dos animais (Boldo et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Erosão hídrica em campo nativo sob diversos manejos: perdas de água e solo e de fósforo, potássio e amônio na água de enxurrada

Bertol

Gobbi²,

Barbosa³

et al. 2011

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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RESUMOOs campos nativos do sul do Brasil são utilizados para o pastejo de bovinos e ovinos. Após o verão, no início da estação fria, a fitomassa excedente do pastejo seca, sendo comum sua queima para facilitar o rebrote da pastagem na primavera. No entanto, a queima da fitomassa mineraliza nutrientes e deixa o solo descoberto, potencializando a erosão hídrica. Este trabalho teve o objetivo de quantificar as perdas totais de água e solo e os teores de P, K e NH 4 + na água da enxurrada, em campo nativo sobre um Latossolo Bruno aluminoférrico típico. Foram estudados os tratamentos: campo nativo sem queima e sem adubo; campo nativo sem queima e com superfosfato triplo; campo nativo com queima e sem adubo; e campo nativo com queima e com superfosfato triplo. Sobre as parcelas, com 11 m de comprimento, na direção do declive, e 3,5 m de largura, aplicou-se uma chuva simulada com intensidade de 75 mm h -1 e duração de 3 h. A queima influenciou a erosão hídrica e as perdas de nutrientes. A queima da fitomassa do campo nativo diminuiu os tempos de início e pico da enxurrada e a infiltração de água no solo, bem como aumentou a taxa máxima de enxurrada, as perdas de água e solo por erosão hídrica e os teores e as perdas totais de P, K e NH 4 + na água de enxurrada, em relação à ausência da queima. A concentração de sedimentos na enxurrada foi maior no tratamento com queima da fitomassa do que no sem queima. O maior e o menor valor da concentração de sedimentos ocorreram em menor tempo de duração do escoamento superficial no tratamento com queima do que no tratamento sem queima, contribuindo para que a perda total de solo fosse 8,9 vezes maior com a queima do que sem a queima do campo. O teor e a perda total de P na água da enxurrada foram maiores no tratamento com adubo fosfatado do que no tratamento sem adubo, tanto no tratamento com queima da fitomassa quanto no sem queima. Para o K e o NH 4 + , os teores e as perdas totais foram maiores no tratamento com queima do que no sem queima. O modelo exponencial do tipo y = ae -bx ajustou-se aos teores de P, K e NH 4 + na água da enxurrada, em relação ao tempo de ocorrência do escoamento superficial (p < 0,01).Termos de indexação: queima de campo, adubação de campo, nutrientes na enxurrada, chuva simulada. SUMMARY: WATER EROSION IN NATURAL GRASSLAND UNDER DIFFERENT MANAGEMENTS: WATER AND SOIL LOSSES AND PHOSPHORUS, POTASSIUM AND AMMONIUM IN THE RUNOFF Native pastures in southern Brazil are used for cattle and sheep grazing. The forage offer in the spring-summer season is greater than the animal requirement, so the forage left over is usually burned. Pasture burning mineralizes nutrients and leaves the soil bare, triggering water erosion. This study aimed to quantify total soil and water losses and P, K and NH 4 + contents in the runoff water from an Oxisol with native pasture. In the treatments, the native pastures, were i) unburned and unfertilized, ii) unburned and P-fertilized, iii) burned and unfertilized, and iv) burned and P-fertilized. Rain was simulated at an intensity ...

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“…During drought, due to the edaphoclimatic and vegetational characteristics of the region, the Pantanal is subject to frequent fire (Cardoso et al 2003, Soriano et al 2015. In the annual flood pulse, flooding is monomodal and predictable (Junk et al 1989), however, there are marked multiannual oscillations, with exceptionally dry years, what aggravates fire as an additional stress on this system, and exceptionally wet years, widening the reach and duration of the flooding (Junk et al 2006).…”

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Fire on the Soil Seed Bank of Neotropical Grasslands in the Pantanal Wetland

2019

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Research reports have suggested that the soil seed banks can have seedling recruitment favoured by fire, especially in grassy plant communities prone to this environmental factor. We examine effects of fire on the soil seed bank of grasslands in the Neotropical wetland Pantanal (hyperseasonal savanna). Our hypothesis was of negative effect, given the contrasting traits associated to seed-seedling tolerance to fire or flooding in addition to the strength of flood as the main ecological driver in floodable areas. Soil samples were collected before and immediately after a prescribed burn in floodable savanna grasslands, at different depths (2 cm layers down to the 10 cm depth), plus litter. The soil samples were taken to a greenhouse for censuses of seedling emergence, to assess the species composition of the seed bank. We recorded a density of 7404 seeds/m 2 and 49 morphospecies, mostly aquatic plants (63%). Among the analysed ecological parameters, the species richness and composition did not change significantly between the pre and postfire conditions; yet the abundance was significantly lower only in the first 2 cm layer of the burned soil. Both abundance and richness decrease with soil depth. This apparent fire tolerance of the soil seed bank of floodable savanna grasslands is here proposed as a clue to understand fire as another ecological driver, as well as flood, but further long-term studies are needed.

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Efeitos da queima na dinâmica da biomassa aérea de um campo nativo no Pantanal

Cited by 17 publications

References 8 publications

Accidental Fire in the Cerrado: Its Impact on Communities of Caterpillars on Two Species ofErythroxylum

Accidental Fire in the Cerrado: Its Impact on Communities of Caterpillars on Two Species ofErythroxylum

Erosão hídrica em campo nativo sob diversos manejos: perdas de água e solo e de fósforo, potássio e amônio na água de enxurrada

Effect of Fire on the Soil Seed Bank of Neotropical Grasslands in the Pantanal Wetland

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