Efecto combinado de la aplicación de riego y compost sobre la composición de la baya Montepulciano en un entorno volcánico de la región de Lacio (Italia central)

Abstract

Montepulciano red grape is cultivated in the northern part of the Latium region, primarily for the production of DOC "Colli Etruschi Viterbesi" structured wines for aging. In Mediterranean areas, viticulture is closely influenced by vine water status. In this context, the practice of irrigation may alleviate water-stress-related reductions in plant development to guarantee grape quality, especially in semi-arid areas. The application of on-farm compost in a vineyard may affect grape quality without negative effects, thereby enhancing environmental sustainability. The aim of this work was to investigate the combined effect of irrigation and compost application on the Montepulciano variety in the volcanic environment of Latium region, thereby improving the polyphenol concentrations in the berries. The trial was conducted during three growing seasons (2011)(2012)(2013). Irrigation was performed according to the protocol proposed by Ojeda and Saurin (2014). The pre-dawn leaf water potential (ψpd) from July to September was measured weekly for maintaining vine water status in the range between -0.4 and -0.6 Mpa. Irrigation (I) and irrigation plus compost application (IC) were compared to a non-irrigated control (C). Berry weight was not influenced by moderate irrigation, whereas titratable acidity and total soluble solids were negatively correlated to the increment of water dropped. The primary finding was a positive influence on polyphenol contents of the grapes at harvest. Best performance was highlighted in 2012 with 263 liter vine -1 of water supplied. Overall, the sustainable use of water and on-farm compost improved Montepulciano grape quality in this volcanic area, thereby enhancing the adaptation of Mediterranean viticulture to climate change conditions.

Defining and Managing for Healthy Vineyard Soils, Intersections With the Concept of Terroir

“…With respect to juice chemistry, Morlat (2008) report that total anthocyanins and TSS were decreased, while pH and K + were increased in berries following addition of high rates of composted manures. In contrast, in a 3-year investigation of irrigation strategies with and without compost addition, (Cirigliano et al, 2017) found improved anthocyanin and other polyphenol contents in berries following compost addition compared to treatments without compost. Their data suggest that in drip irrigated Mediterranean-type climates, compost application can improve grape quality over irrigation alone, perhaps due to better infiltration and water holding capacity in compost treated vines.…”

Evaluating Strategies for Adaptation to Climate Change in Grapevine Production–A Systematic Review

“…Most potential adaptations to water scarcity under future climate change have been evaluated individually. Our review suggests that the few existing studies dealing with combinations of adaptations help in identifying several compromises between these adaptations: the reduction of irrigation requirement through water-saving practices (Cirigliano et al, 2017 ; Chrysargyris et al, 2018 ; Gil et al, 2018 ; Romero et al, 2018 ; Torres et al, 2018 ); the benefits of cover crops despite water competition (Tomaz et al, 2017 ); the conservation of vineyard areas thanks to cultivar changes and new governance modalities (Galbreath, 2014 ; Delay et al, 2015 ; Zhu et al, 2016 ; Morales-Castilla et al, 2020 ); and the role of socio-economic conditions in promoting or regulating adaptations (Olen et al, 2016 ; Georgopoulou et al, 2017 ). It is noteworthy that since the systematic review ended, new developments have been published: Buesa et al ( 2020 ) confirm the positive effects of east-west row orientation on yields; Morales-Castilla et al ( 2020 ) quantified the reduction of suitable area lost thanks to late-ripening cultivar (from 56 to 24%); Phogat et al ( 2020 ) went further in the estimation of future irrigation water requirement and demonstrate the importance of reducing evaporation loss; while López-Urrea et al ( 2020 ) quantified the effect of organic and plastic mulch on evaporation.…”

“…Transparent plastic covering (TPC) has been reported to increase water use efficiency in vineyards in Brazil, by creating higher humidity and lowering evapotranspiration as compared to open field conditions (da Silva et al, 2018 ). The use of organic matter as compost increases the soil water storage capacity and reduces irrigation needs (Cirigliano et al, 2017 ). Tomaz et al ( 2017 ) showed that the presence of a cover crop under irrigated conditions forces the vine root system, mainly its thinner roots, to seek water in increasingly deeper soil.…”

“…Experimental approaches have been widely used to understand vines' responses to changes in climatic conditions. Controlled conditions allow for the study of processes when one or several environmental factors are changed: CO 2 enrichment (Bindi et al, 1996 ), experimental drought (Medrano et al, 2003 ; Şerdinescu et al, 2014 ; Vaz et al, 2016 ; Cirigliano et al, 2017 ; Chrysargyris et al, 2018 ), or elevated temperatures (Bonada et al, 2018 ). The conditions of experimentation largely differ: from greenhouse conditions with fruit-bearing cutting under totally controlled conditions (Torres et al, 2017 ), to less controlled field experiments.…”

Economic and Environmental Effects of Replacing Inorganic Fertilizers with Organic Fertilizers in Three Rainfed Crops in a Semi-Arid Area

“…It is well-known that the application of organic fertilizers, such as compost and manure, increases organic matter in the soil, representing a source of nutrients for agricultural production [9][10][11][12][13], and improves the agronomic characteristics of the soil. The application of compost to the soil increases its total cation exchange capacity as well as levels of potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg), among other nutrients [14].…”