Eemian Lake development, hydrology and climate: a multi-stratigraphic study of the Hollerup site in Denmark

Björck, Svante; Noe‐Nygaard, Nanna; Wolin, Julie A.; Houmark‐Nielsen, Michael; Hansen, Helle Ploug; Snowball, Ian

doi:10.1016/s0277-3791(99)00025-6

Cited by 73 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…1), preserves a 4.8-m-thick sequence of lacustrine and fluvial sediments sandwiched between glaciogenic sediments (Björck et al, 2000;Rundgren et al, 2005). The sequence includes three distinct lacustrine units (L2 to L4) (Fig.…”

Section: Study Site and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The robustness of the MJT reconstruction was also assessed (Telford and Birks, 2011) (see the GSA Data Repository 1 ). A chronological framework for the Hollerup sequence was originally developed by Björck et al (2000), who cross-correlated the pollen stratigraphy with the annually laminated record from Bispingen, Germany, ~440 km to the southeast (Müller, 1974). While debate surrounds the duration of the LIG (Brauer et al, 2007), vegetation development across northern Europe appears to be broadly synchronous on sub-millennial time scales (e.g., Grüger, 1991), allowing the identification of regional pollen zones that provide a first-order chronology (see Table DR1 in the Data Repository).…”

Section: Study Site and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…No chironomid head capsules were recovered from the interval 1.31-1.15 m, coincident with the second more severe phase of lake-level lowering (event B; Fig. 3), during which subaerial exposure or bottom freezing would explain the absence of head capsules (Björck et al, 2000). Importantly, warmest reconstructed MJT at Hollerup was ~17.5 °C, similar to the 1961-1990 CE climate mean for northern Denmark and 1 °C below the upper temperature range sampled by the Norwegian-Swiss training set (Heiri et al, 2011).…”

Section: The Chironomid Recordmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Delayed maximum northern European summer temperatures during the Last Interglacial as a result of Greenland Ice Sheet melt

Jones

Turney

Lang³

et al. 2017

Geology

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Here we report a new quantitative mean July temperature reconstruction using non-biting midges (chironomids) from the Danish Last Interglacial (LIG) site Hollerup (spanning 127-116 ka). We find that peak mean July temperatures of 17.5 °C, similar to those of the present day (1961-1990 CE), were reached shortly before the onset of the regional Carpinus pollen zone. Through comparison to terrestrial and marine sequences we demonstrate that peak summer warmth took place some three millennia after the onset of LIG warming in Europe, a marked delay in line with records from the North Atlantic. Crucially, the warmest northern European summer temperatures appear to follow maximum Greenland Ice Sheet mass loss, implying that meltwater substantially reduced Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation and depressed European temperatures during the early part of the interglacial.

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Section: Study Site and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Site and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Chironomid Recordmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Delayed maximum northern European summer temperatures during the Last Interglacial as a result of Greenland Ice Sheet melt

Jones

Turney

Lang³

et al. 2017

Geology

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“…This de pres sion and sud den peak in Picea ver sus the grad ual and qui es cent rise in Pinus speaks for the view that it was the fires, which caused the re sult rather the spruce for est. The higher mag ni tude of light ning strikes in the Picea zone, be ing an ef fect of weather fa vor ing thun der storms, seems to have been more broadly dis trib uted geo graph i cally, as we can in fer from Andersen's pol len se quence from Den mark (Björck et al 2000) with similar bracken dynamics to those at Nidzica.…”

Section: Light Ning-caused and Hu Man-in Duced For Est Firesmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…The abun dance of Pteridium was also re ported from the Picea zone from ad jacent ar eas e.g. at Hollerup (Björck 2000).…”

Section: Eemian Inter Gla Cial and The Early Vistulianmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lightning-Caused and Human-Induced Forest Fires as Evidenced By Pteridium Spores in Selected Quaternary Records from Poland

Bińka

Nitychoruk

2013

Studia Quaternaria

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Ab stractThe oc cur rence of Pteridium spores -the com mon fire-adapted plant -was ob served in Po land's Pleis to cene (three interglacials and nu mer ous interstadials) and Ho lo cene pol len se quences. Un til the on set of the mid dle Ho lo cene, bracken was re corded rel a tively rarely. This marks cli ma tic con di tions with spo radic wildfires, fol lowed by quick removal of the clones (or main te nance of the clones in a sup pressed state) in the sub se quent, post fire successional stages. In each inter gla cial we can also iden tify short pe ri ods (most of ten syn chro nous) of some what higher fre quency of Pteridium, in di cat ing a pos si ble in crease in nat u ral fires as an ef fect of stormy con di tions. These short pe ri ods are placed mainly within phases dom i nated by co nif er ous wood lands. The very high con tent of bracken found from a reanalysis of the long Saalian se quence at Ossówka as three reg u lar cul mi na tions just above three non-tree phases, east ern Po land is the unique ex cep tion. To ex plain this we found the close mod ern an a logue of the above phe nom e non in the Alas kan re gion, at the bound ary be tween the tun dra and the bo real zone where in a very nar row for est zone, espe cially with the con ti nen tal sig na ture, light ning-ini ti ated fires are very fre quent (the edge ef fect). Pleis to cene re cords of bracken dur ing for est pe ri ods might in di cate that thun der storms and light ning strikes were re spon si ble for its higher con tent. This is not to ex clude the pos si bil ity that inter gla cial fires were set by Palaeo lithic hu mans. How ever, it is more likely that the wildfires were uti lized and to some ex tent con trolled, es pe cially at Ossówka, where the palaeolake ex isted for a long time af ter the inter gla cial; and this surely at tracted the at ten tion of game and hu mans. Our in ves ti gations show that rare, more abun dant Pteridium in the Pleis to cene se quences can be traced through out the cor re sponding pe ri ods even at dis tant sites. This might be in di rect ev i dence of a cli ma tic pat tern that pro mote stormy con di tions and fires at that time. In the Ho lo cene, dif fer ent fac tors seem to be re spon si ble for the long-term dy nam ics in Pteridium clones. Both in Po land and in ad ja cent ar eas bracken peaked in the mid dle Ho lo cene from 8000 to 5000 BP, when this ter ri tory was oc cu pied by de cid u ous wood lands. There is agree ment that this is due to burn ing of for ests by the hunter-gath erer so ci et ies of the Late Mesolithic. How ever, in spite of in creased clear ings in the sub se quent phases bracken sub stan tially de creased in abun dance. This means first of all that fires rather than clear ings were re spon si ble for the rise in Pteridium spores in the Ho lo cene pol len se quences.Key words: bracken spores, fires, Qua ter nary, Po land IN TRO DUC TIONPteridium aquilinum is a com mon plant grow ing on every con ti nent ex cept in Arc tic/Ant arc tic re gions. For many rea sons -first of a...

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Eemian landscape response to climatic shifts and evidence for northerly Neanderthal occupation at a palaeolake margin in northern Germany

Hein

Urban

Tanner

et al. 2021

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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The prevailing view suggests that the Eemian interglacial on the European Plain was characterized by largely negligible geomorphic activity beyond the coastal areas. However, systematic geomorphological studies are sparse. Here we present a detailed reconstruction of Eemian to Early Weichselian landscape evolution in the vicinity of a small fingerlake on the northern margin of the Salzwedel Palaeolake in Lower Saxony (Germany). We apply a combination of seismics, sediment coring, pollen analysis and luminescence dating on a complex sequence of colluvial, paludal and lacustrine sediments. Results suggest two pronounced phases of geomorphic activity, directly before the onset and at the end of the Eemian period, with an intermediate period of pronounced landscape stability. The dynamic phases were largely driven by incomplete vegetation cover, but likely accentuated by fluvial incision in the neighbouring Elbe Valley. Furthermore, we discovered Neanderthal occupation at the lakeshore during Eemian pollen zone (PZ) E IV, which is chronologically in line with other known Eemian sites of central Europe. Our highly‐resolved spatio‐temporal data substantially contribute to the understanding of climate‐induced geomorphic processes throughout and directly after the last interglacial period. It helps unraveling the landscape dynamics between the coastal areas to the north and the loess belt to the south.

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Eemian Lake development, hydrology and climate: a multi-stratigraphic study of the Hollerup site in Denmark

Cited by 73 publications

References 37 publications

Delayed maximum northern European summer temperatures during the Last Interglacial as a result of Greenland Ice Sheet melt

Delayed maximum northern European summer temperatures during the Last Interglacial as a result of Greenland Ice Sheet melt

Lightning-Caused and Human-Induced Forest Fires as Evidenced By Pteridium Spores in Selected Quaternary Records from Poland

Eemian landscape response to climatic shifts and evidence for northerly Neanderthal occupation at a palaeolake margin in northern Germany

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