EELS plasmon studies of silver/carbon core/shell nanocables prepared by simple arc discharge

Wang, L.S.; Buchholz, D. Bruce; Li, Y.; Li, J.; Lee, C.Y.; Chiu, Hsin‐Tien; Chang, Robert P. H.

doi:10.1007/s00339-006-3859-7

Cited by 26 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The one dimensional carbon nanostructures between the surface-bound silver nanoparticles grew mainly by surface diffusion which delivered the carbon atoms to nanoparticles acting as growth catalysts. 3,22 Gadd et al 23 ͑2001͒ mentioned that a relatively fast condensation ͑i.e., a relatively high cooling rate͒ favored incomplete encapsulation whereas fast condensation promoted the formation of nanotubes which grew from the solidifying metal particle. The influence of the gas flow rate on surface diffusion could affect a change in the surface diffusion activation energy, which in turn directly influenced the thermal flux on a part of surface and eventually introduced the growth of the nanotubes from silver nanoparticles ͑ϳ15 nm in diameter of agglomerates͒.…”

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confidence: 99%

Production of carbonaceous nanostructures from a silver-carbon ambient spark

Byeon

Kim

2010

Applied Physics Letters

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Using silver-carbon ambient sparks, hollow carbon nanospheres or multiwall carbon nanotubes were produced separately from carbon encapsulated silver nanoparticles ͑−1 , 400 K s −1 ͒ during relatively slow ͑−800 K s −1 ͒ or fast ͑−2 , 900 K s −1 ͒ cooling process. Different cooling processes ͑i.e., different exposures within high temperature͒ caused the formation of different carbon precipitates in the process of silver mediated graphitization: for −2 , 900 K s −1 and Ͻ−1 , 400 K s −1 , respectively, obtained tubelike and sphere ͑encapsulated and hollow͒-like carbonaceous nanostructures.

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confidence: 99%

Production of carbonaceous nanostructures from a silver-carbon ambient spark

Byeon

Kim

2010

Applied Physics Letters

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“…Synthesis of Boron and Nitrogen Doped Arc Carbon Materials : The arc system used in this study is described in detail elsewhere . Briefly, the arc consists of two electrodes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hierarchical Design for Fabricating Cost‐Effective High Performance Supercapacitors

Kim¹,

Buchholz²,

Casillas

et al. 2014

Adv Funct Materials

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The salient feature of a supercapacitor is its ability to deliver much higher power density than a battery. A hierarchical design and a cost-effective approach to fabricate high performance supercapacitors using functional carbon nano-particles is reported. A special arc synthesis method is used to produce amorphous/crystalline composite with nitrogen and boron co-doped high charge density carbon nanoparticles. Upon etch removal of the amorphous phase in the composite nanoparticle, a crystalline carbon framework emerges, consisting of a mixture of nano-graphitic sheets mostly in the middle and single nanohorns distributed around the surface of the nanoparticle. These nanoparticles have large internal/external surfaces with subnano channels and sharp nano-tips for high speed charge transport and local charge accumulation. To deliver high power density, the internal resistance of the device is reduced by assembling the nanoparticles via electro-spraying and compacting them into dense fi lms (without any binder) under 700 MPa of pressure before supercapacitor assembly. Taken together, the hierarchical processed supercapacitor has a very high (compared to literature values) power density of nearly 4.5 kW cm −3 and a respectable energy density of 2.45 mWh cm −3 . Combining these carbon nanoparticles with large area spraying coating, it can lead to a cost-effective production of high performance supercapacitors. IntroductionAdvances in the development of renewable energy sources and energy storage systems have propelled the need to design and fabricate ever higher charge-density nanoparticles (HCDN). To this end it is desirable to design a nanostructure with a large surface area for a given total volume or mass. Equally important is the consideration of surface reactivity and the availability of nanoscale channels for atomic/charged species to access HCDN were part of our design consideration. Below we start with the study of HCDN synthesis and characterization at each length scale, and then followed by a discussion on supercapacitor fabrication and its performance. Results and Discussion HCDN Fabrication and Structural AnalysisThe fi rst goal is to synthesize a HCDN with near spherical shape consisting of doped crystalline frame-work having numerous internal nano-channels and sharp tips for the transport and accumulation of charges. To achieve such an architecture the following two-step processing sequence was taken to synthesize the unique HCDN: First, a composite nanoparticle was synthesized consisting of fi ne lamella layers of crystalline carbon sandwiched between amorphous layers of nitride and/ or carbide materials. Second, the amorphous layers of the composite nanoparticle were selectively etched away by heating the sample in air at 450˚C to produce the desired structure.DC arcs have been extensively used in nano carbon studies. [10][11][12][13][14] To perform the fi rst step, we used a DC arc that was confi gured as a high temperature furnace where a hole in the cathode serves as a crucible which can be fi ll...

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“…Since 1D nanostructures can be easily oxidized and contaminated because of their high surface chemical reactivity, leading to the deterio-ration of their performance, a carbon shell can provide an effective layer to ensure the stabilization and passivation of the active nanocore surface. To date, various metal [18][19][20][21][22][23] or semiconductor [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] @carbon coaxial nanocable structures have been developed, which raise some new research interest as a result of their distinct physical and chemical properties. As reported previously, Sn@carbon nanocables have been successfully synthesized by chemical vapor deposition, 18 and the nanocables have exhibited excellent stability as a catalyst support for fuel cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One-step in situ synthesis and characterization of W₁₈O₄₉@carbon coaxial nanocables

Zhou

Zhang

et al. 2009

J. Mater. Res.

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We demonstrate here in situ synthesis of bulk yield W 18 O 49 @carbon coaxial nanocables based on an easily controlled chemical vapor deposition process at relatively low temperature (760 C) using metallic tungsten powder and ethylene (C 2 H 4 ) as the raw materials. Transmission electron microscope (TEM), energy dispersive x-ray (EDX), and x-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses indicate that the resultant nanostructures are composed of single-crystalline W 18 O 49 nanowires, coaxially covered with amorphous carbon walls. A vapor-solid (VS) mechanism is proposed to interpret the formation of the nanocables. The effect of carbon sources on the nanocable growth was investigated. The results revealed that the introduction of carbon species not only causes the production of W 18 O 49 @C nanocable structures, but also obviously modulates growth behaviors and core/shell diameter ratio of the nanocables. The obtained nanocables may find great applications in catalyst systems and optical and electronic nanodevices because of their enhanced surface properties and in high chemical stabilities.

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EELS plasmon studies of silver/carbon core/shell nanocables prepared by simple arc discharge

Cited by 26 publications

References 58 publications

Production of carbonaceous nanostructures from a silver-carbon ambient spark

Production of carbonaceous nanostructures from a silver-carbon ambient spark

Hierarchical Design for Fabricating Cost‐Effective High Performance Supercapacitors

One-step in situ synthesis and characterization of W₁₈O₄₉@carbon coaxial nanocables

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EELS plasmon studies of silver/carbon core/shell nanocables prepared by simple arc discharge

Cited by 26 publications

References 58 publications

Production of carbonaceous nanostructures from a silver-carbon ambient spark

Production of carbonaceous nanostructures from a silver-carbon ambient spark

Hierarchical Design for Fabricating Cost‐Effective High Performance Supercapacitors

One-step in situ synthesis and characterization of W18O49@carbon coaxial nanocables

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One-step in situ synthesis and characterization of W₁₈O₄₉@carbon coaxial nanocables