Eelgrass Meadows in the California Channel Islands and Adjacent Coast Reveal a Mosaic of Two Species, Evidence for Introgression and Variable Clonality

Coyer, James A.; Miller, Kimberly A.; Engle, John M.; Veldsink, Jan; Cabello‐Pasini, Alejandro; Stam, Wytze T.; Olsen, Jeanine L.

doi:10.1093/aob/mcm288

Cited by 39 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Our study adds additional data from closer to the geographic margin of the species, and further supports the observation of a trend of increased diversity with decreased latitude. Compared to the western Atlantic and eastern Pacific populations studied (Reusch et al 2000, Olsen et al 2004, Talbot et al 2004, Coyer et al 2007, Ort et al 2010, WyllieEcheverria et al 2010, the Chesapeake and Virginia coastal bay populations described here are more diverse. The only meadows found to have higher values of heterozygosity and numbers of alleles per locus were in Mikawa Bay, Japan (Yoshida et al 2009; Table 4, present study).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Eelgrass restoration by seed maintains genetic diversity: case study from a coastal bay system

Reynolds

Waycott²,

McGlathery³

et al. 2012

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Genetic diversity is positively associated with plant fitness, stability, and the provision of ecosystem services. Preserving genetic diversity is therefore considered an important component of ecosystem restoration as well as a measure of its success. We examined the genetic diversity of restored Zostera marina meadows in a coastal bay system along the USA mid-Atlantic coast using microsatellite markers to compare donor and recipient meadows. We show that donor meadows in Chesapeake Bay have high genetic diversity and that this diversity is maintained in meadows restored with seeds in the Virginia coastal bays. No evidence of inbreeding depression was detected (F IS −0.2 to 0) in either donor or recipient meadows, which is surprising because high levels of inbreeding were expected following the population contractions that occurred in Chesapeake Bay populations due to disease and heat stress. Additionally, there was no evidence for selection of genotypes at the restoration sites, suggesting that as long as donor sites are chosen carefully, issues that diminish fitness and survival such as heterosis or out-breeding depression can be avoided. A cluster analysis showed that, in addition to the Chesapeake Bay populations that acted as donors, the Virginia coastal bay populations shared a genetic signal with Chincoteague Bay populations, their closest neighbor to the north, suggesting that natural recruitment into the area may be occurring and augmenting restored populations. We hypothesize that the high genetic diversity in seagrasses restored using seeds rather than adult plants confers a greater level of ecosystem resilience to the restored meadows.KEY WORDS: Seagrass · Zostera marina · Restoration · Genetic diversity · Microsatellite DNA Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher Contribution to the Theme Section 'Eelgrass recovery'OPEN PEN ACCESS CCESS

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Eelgrass restoration by seed maintains genetic diversity: case study from a coastal bay system

Reynolds

Waycott²,

McGlathery³

et al. 2012

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…Meadows may be heterogeneous as a consequence of temporal admixture events of repeated recruitment through time (originally proposed by Petit et al 2003for oaks, Becheler et al 2010; limited dispersal of pollen and seeds, leading to patchiness (Hämmerli & Reusch 2003); and local habitat selection (Oetjen & Reusch 2007, Oetjen et al 2010, Winters et al 2011. Alternatively, they can be homogeneous as a consequence of dominance by a few large genets/clones (Reusch et al 1999, Coyer et al 2008) and limited recruitment (Duarte et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eelgrass Zostera marina populations in northern Norwegian fjords are genetically isolated and diverse

Olsen¹,

Coyer

Stam³

et al. 2013

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Populations along the northern boundary of a marine species' distributional range in the NE Atlantic are expected to harbor lower standing genetic variation as a consequence of postglacial expansion following the last glacial maximum. Founder events and marginal habitat availability may render the edge populations more vulnerable to anthropogenic stress and less capable of rapid adaptation to global climate change, a concern for conservation and management. We analyzed meadow architecture, persistence and connectivity within and among 15 locations (600 samples genotyped with 8 microsatellite loci) in 3 fjords in Troms County, Norway (69°N). Whereas global mean allelic diversity (standardized for sample size) was in accordance with previous studies using the same markers, more extensive sampling revealed a broader range of allelic richness (mean = 2.85; range = 1.84 to 4.21) in the regional pool. Genotypic diversity was typically high, whereas large genets were rare (2 out of 15 locations). Population differentiation (F ST ) was 2 to 6 times higher between fjords than within fjords. A Bayesian (STRUCTURE) analysis also strongly supported the genetic distinctness of each fjord. Although 9 locations within the 60 km long Balsfjord were connected by gene flow, demographic connectivity may actually be low, as fixed differences were observed at 6 of the 9 locations, along with significantly positive inbreeding coefficients and strong substructure. Overall, our results suggest that these northern, leading-edge meadows are healthy, but vigilance is required to avoid further losses. Fjord-level management, especially of the larger fjords, will be sufficient to capture the range of variation.

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“…Several previous studies have supported relationships to the northern islands for a variety of taxa, including tortricid Lepidoptera (Landry et al 1999, Rubinoff andPowell 2004), deer mice Wills 1987, 1989), eelgrass (Coyer et al 2008), dune spiders (Ramirez and Beckwitt 1995), and dune beetles . Some Hy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Previous studies have suggested relationships between Santa Catalina and San Clemente islands, in particular eelgrass (Coyer et al 2008), side-blotched lizards (Mahoney et al 2003), Loggerhead Shrikes (Eggert et al 2004), and one species of dune beetle . The species examined here show little indication of southern island relationships.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…These islands share some endemic taxa (the tortricid moth Argyrotaenia franciscana insulana: Landry et al 1999; the slender salamander Batrachoseps pacificus: Jockusch and Wake 2002) and exhibit close population relationships in more widespread species in a variety of taxa, including dune spiders (Lutica: Ramirez and Beckwitt 1995), deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus: Wills 1987, 1989), side-blotched lizard (Uta stansburiana: Mahoney et al 2003), Loggerhead Shrike (Lanius ludovicianus: Eggert et al 2004, Caballero andAshley 2011), and marine eelgrass (Zostera pacifica: Coyer et al 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

California Beetle Faunistics: 100 Years After Fall

Caterino¹

2006

The Coleopterists Bulletin

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Eelgrass Meadows in the California Channel Islands and Adjacent Coast Reveal a Mosaic of Two Species, Evidence for Introgression and Variable Clonality

Abstract: The pristine environmental conditions of offshore islands do not guarantee maximum genetic diversity. Future restoration and transplantation efforts of seagrasses must recognize cryptic species and consider the degree of both genetic and genotypic variation in candidate donor populations.

Cited by 39 publications

References 55 publications

Eelgrass restoration by seed maintains genetic diversity: case study from a coastal bay system

Eelgrass restoration by seed maintains genetic diversity: case study from a coastal bay system

Eelgrass Zostera marina populations in northern Norwegian fjords are genetically isolated and diverse

California Beetle Faunistics: 100 Years After Fall

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