EEHRT: Energy Efficient Technique for Handling Redundant Traffic in Zone-Based Routing for Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

This paper presents an energy-efficient technique to handle redundant traffic (EEHRT) in the zone-based routing for wireless sensor networks. In this technique, multihop routing is performed based on the remaining energy of the nodes. Afterwards, it performs position-based routing without the need for the nodes to know their respective position. The main objective of this paper is to handle the redundant packets generated in zone-based routing using short beacon messages. Nodes of lower zones route the data of the higher zone to base station (BS) with a minimum number of hops and utilize only those nodes on the path which are energy efficient and located closer to BS. Moreover, the source node is acknowledged by the relaying node using a wireless broadcast advantage (WBA) without sending any special ACK packet to the sender, which reduces the control overhead in the routing process. The EEHRT technique improves the routing against RARZ by ensuring only one copy of the packet is propagated at each hop along the routing path to BS. Simulation results show that EEHRT achieved 28% improvement in energy efficiency, 10% and 25% improvements in data throughput against total and distinct packet reception at BS respectively, 35% increase in overall network lifetime, and 100% reduction in redundant packets generation and propagation in the network against RARZ routing.

Performance Evaluation of Zone-Based Routing with Hierarchical Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks

“…ese categories of protocols are called zone-based routing protocols [2,9]. A similar sort of solution is presented in [3] called the zonebased routing protocol (ZBRP), which is an energy-efficient and edge-based network partitioning technique.…”

“…Every protocol developed in the sensor networks stresses on energy e ciency to prolong the network lifetime [9]. e protocol developed at the medium access control (MAC) layer, network layer, transport layer, or the layers above these layers must be energy e cient along with possessing other QoS parameters.…”

“…Either the clusters are formed by the BS or they organize themselves in a distributed way into a different cluster. Once we limit the transmissions in the network, ultimately, energy is saved and the overall network lifetime is extended [2,9].…”

“…e main motivation behind this work is to investigate and to compare the performance of zone-based routing with that of hierarchical routing, i.e., cluster-based routing. In this paper, we compare the routing algorithm using the ringzone (RARZ) [2] protocol and energy-efficient technique for handling redundant traffic (EEHRT) [9] which is purely a zone-based protocol with two well-renowned hierarchical routing protocols like the energy-efficient protocol using static clustering (EEPSC) [7] and low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) [11,13]. e EEPSC, EEHRT, RARZ, and LEACH protocols all have the same designed philosophy of splitting the network into different zones through the BS.…”

“…In this paper, we consider the same network model as used in the RARZ [2], EEHRT [9], EEPSC [7], and LEACH [11], with the following assumptions: e rest of this paper is organized as follows: Section 2 describes the related work. Section 3 presents the short description of the protocols used in this paper for comparison.…”