EEG Spectral Analysis on OM Mantra Meditation: A Pilot Study

Harne, Bhavna P.; Hiwale, Anil

doi:10.1007/s10484-018-9391-7

Cited by 35 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In contrast, Hinterberger et al ( 2016 ) reported that Theta healers (CDM) presented a decreased theta power when compared with baseline, while their clients had no change. This lack of change in beginners is corroborated by Harne and Hiwale ( 2018 ) who reported no spectral changes after one session of “Om” chanting (CDM-FA).…”

Section: Spectral Featuressupporting

confidence: 61%

A Critical Analysis on Characterizing the Meditation Experience Through the Electroencephalogram

Deolindo

Ribeiro

Aratanha

et al. 2020

Front. Syst. Neurosci.

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Meditation practices, originated from ancient traditions, have increasingly received attention due to their potential benefits to mental and physical health. The scientific community invests efforts into scrutinizing and quantifying the effects of these practices, especially on the brain. There are methodological challenges in describing the neural correlates of the subjective experience of meditation. We noticed, however, that technical considerations on signal processing also don't follow standardized approaches, which may hinder generalizations. Therefore, in this article, we discuss the usage of the electroencephalogram (EEG) as a tool to study meditation experiences in healthy individuals. We describe the main EEG signal processing techniques and how they have been translated to the meditation field until April 2020. Moreover, we examine in detail the limitations/assumptions of these techniques and highlight some good practices, further discussing how technical specifications may impact the interpretation of the outcomes. By shedding light on technical features, this article contributes to more rigorous approaches to evaluate the construct of meditation.

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Section: Spectral Featuressupporting

confidence: 61%

A Critical Analysis on Characterizing the Meditation Experience Through the Electroencephalogram

Deolindo

Ribeiro

Aratanha

et al. 2020

Front. Syst. Neurosci.

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“…To verify the impact of mindfulness adjustment on the EEG signals of the subjects, we conducted ANOVA using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software (Wang et al, 2015). ANOVA (Harne and Hiwale, 2018) included the influence of mindfulness adjustment on frequency bands and the influence of different frequency bands in different brain regions. In neurofeedback, the changes in alpha, theta, and gamma waves are usually used as evaluation indicators, and corresponding improvement and treatment are executed by strengthening these waves.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy Evaluation of Neurofeedback-Based Anxiety Relief

et al. 2021

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Anxiety disorder is a mental illness that involves extreme fear or worry, which can alter the balance of chemicals in the brain. This change and evaluation of anxiety state are accompanied by a comprehensive treatment procedure. It is well-known that the treatment of anxiety is chiefly based on psychotherapy and drug therapy, and there is no objective standard evaluation. In this paper, the proposed method focuses on examining neural changes to explore the effect of mindfulness regulation in accordance with neurofeedback in patients with anxiety. We designed a closed neurofeedback experiment that includes three stages to adjust the psychological state of the subjects. A total of 34 subjects, 17 with anxiety disorder and 17 healthy, participated in this experiment. Through the three stages of the experiment, electroencephalography (EEG) resting state signal and mindfulness-based EEG signal were recorded. Power spectral density was selected as the evaluation index through the regulation of neurofeedback mindfulness, and repeated analysis of variance (ANOVA) method was used for statistical analysis. The findings of this study reveal that the proposed method has a positive effect on both types of subjects. After mindfulness adjustment, the power map exhibited an upward trend. The increase in the average power of gamma wave indicates the relief of anxiety. The enhancement of the wave power represents an improvement in the subjects’ mindfulness ability. At the same time, the results of ANOVA showed that P < 0.05, i.e., the difference was significant. From the aspect of neurophysiological signals, we objectively evaluated the ability of our experiment to relieve anxiety. The neurofeedback mindfulness regulation can effect on the brain activity pattern of anxiety disorder patients.

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“…Oscillations in the theta band are thought to reflect top-down influences related to working memory and memory retrieval (Klimesch, 1999;Sauseng et al, 2005;Demiralp et al, 2007;Sauseng et al, 2010), and are linked to the activation of autobiographical memories (Steinvorth et al, 2010) as well as to mental time travel (Lavallee and Persinger, 2010) and, more generally, to the level of mental workload (So et al, 2017). While these aspects of theta oscillations could be related to mind-wandering, multiple reports show enhanced theta power in mindfulness meditators, as well as in meditators following other contemplative traditions (Lagopoulos et al, 2009;Xue et al, 2014;Lomas et al, 2015;Harne and Hiwale, 2018). Furthermore, frontal theta oscillations are inversely correlated with default mode activity, suggesting that these oscillations signal episodes of sustained attention (Scheeringa et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Baseline power of theta oscillations predicts mystical-type experiences induced by DMT

Tagliazucchi

Zamberlán

Cavanna

et al. 2021

Preprint

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N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is a classic psychedelic capable of inducing short-lasting but profound changes in consciousness. As with other psychedelics, the experience induced by DMT strongly depends upon contextual factors, yet the neurobiological determinants of this variability remain unknown. We combined wireless electroencephalography and source imaging to map changes in neural oscillations elicited by inhaled DMT. Furthermore, we found that the power of frontal and temporal theta oscillations was inversely correlated with scales indexing feelings of unity and transcendence, which are an integral part of the phenomenology of mystical-type experiences. Finally, we established the robustness of these results using a machine learning model for regression trained and tested following a cross-validation procedure. Our results are consistent with the observation that the state of mind prior to consuming a psychedelic drug influences the ensuing subjective experience of the user. We also suggest that priming subjects to reduce their theta power before administration of a serotonergic psychedelic could enhance the likelihood of inducing mystical-type experiences, leading to sustained positive effects in well-being and improving the outcome of therapeutic interventions.

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EEG Spectral Analysis on OM Mantra Meditation: A Pilot Study

Cited by 35 publications

References 19 publications

A Critical Analysis on Characterizing the Meditation Experience Through the Electroencephalogram

A Critical Analysis on Characterizing the Meditation Experience Through the Electroencephalogram

Efficacy Evaluation of Neurofeedback-Based Anxiety Relief

Baseline power of theta oscillations predicts mystical-type experiences induced by DMT

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