EEG power as a biomarker to predict the outcome after cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation induced global ischemia

Abstract

Aims Cardiac arrest (CA) is a major cause of mortality and survivors often develop neurologic deficits. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of CA and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in mice on the EEG and neurologic outcomes, and identify biomarkers that can prognosticate poor outcomes. Main methods Video-EEG records were obtained at various periods following CA-CPR and examined manually to determine the presence of spikes and sharp-waves, and seizures. EEG power was calculated using a fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm. Key findings Fifty percent mice died within 72 hours following CA and successful CPR. Universal suppression of the background EEG was observed in all mice following CA-CPR, however, a more severe and sustained reduction in EEG power occurred in the mice that did not survive beyond 72 hours than those that survived until sacrificed. Spikes and sharp wave activity appeared in the cortex and hippocampus of all mice, but only one out of eight mice developed a purely electrographic seizure in the acute period after CA-CPR. Interestingly, none of the mice that died experienced any acute seizures. At 10 days after the CA-CPR, 25% of the mice developed spontaneous convulsive and nonconvulsive seizures that remained restricted to the hippocampus. The frequency of nonconvulsive seizures was higher than that of convulsive seizures. Significance A strong association between changes in EEG power and mortality following CA-CPR were observed in our study. Therefore, we suggest that the EEG power can be used to prognosticate mortality following CA-CPR induced global ischemia.

Surge of Corticocardiac Coupling in SHRSP Rats Exposed to Forebrain Cerebral Ischemia

“…Consistent with previous studies in mice (Weitzel et al 2016) and rats (Borjigin et al 2013) that suffered from cardiac arrest induced by injection of potassium chloride, severe and sustained reduction in EEG power was identified in SHRSP rats after forebrain ischemic stroke. As expected, an initial decline and a subsequent recovery of EEG power was found in WKY rats that survived (Figure 2).…”

Weakened Effective Connectivity Related to Electroacupuncture in Stroke Patients with Prolonged Flaccid Paralysis: An EEG Pilot Study

“…EEG is convenient to detect real-time cortical activity as a high-time-resolution electrophysiological technique [15]. It is used widely to detect the brain oscillations, cortex excitability, cortical network, and electrophysiological biomarker in multiple disciplines through various EEG signal processing and feature extraction (e.g., spectral analysis, timefrequency analysis, connectivity analysis) [16][17][18][19][20][21]. Given that brain activity is a dynamic and complex network with each area's communication and coordination, effective connectivity is selected to investigate the different brain area connectivity and plasticity in this study.…”

Estimation of the variations in mechanical impedance between the actuator and the chest, and the power delivered to the chest during cardiopulmonary resuscitation using machine-embedded sensors

“…However, for recording and investigating the ECG signals, hands-off intervals without chest compression are required, which can reduce the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) rate [ 10 , 11 ]. In other studies, various physiological signals, such as blood flow (BF), blood pressure (BP), and electroencephalogram (EEG), have also been utilized to assess the status of the patient and the quality of the CPR process [ 12 – 14 ]. However, such bio-signal-based methodologies have several limitations: (1) they are only applicable when the relevant sensors and measurement devices have already been applied to the patient; (2) the variation in skin–electrode impedance affects the quality of the measured signals; and (3) bio-signal measurement is unavailable during the CPR process due to motion artifact.…”