Eeg Findings and Epilepsy in Down's Syndrome

Seppäläinen, Anna Maria; Kivalo, E

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1967.tb00212.x

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Diffuse slowing of background activity is the most frequent finding on surface EEG in adults with DS, both in persons with and without epilepsy [9,16,17,[95][96][97]. This slowing of background activity is more evident in prodromal AD and even more in the dementia stage [20,29].…”

Section: Electrophysiological Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epilepsy in Down Syndrome: A Highly Prevalent Comorbidity

Altuna

Giménez

Fortea

2021

JCM

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Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) have an increased risk for epilepsy during the whole lifespan, but especially after age 40 years. The increase in the number of individuals with DS living into late middle age due to improved health care is resulting in an increase in epilepsy prevalence in this population. However, these epileptic seizures are probably underdiagnosed and inadequately treated. This late onset epilepsy is linked to the development of symptomatic Alzheimer’s disease (AD), which is the main comorbidity in adults with DS with a cumulative incidence of more than 90% of adults by the seventh decade. More than 50% of patients with DS and AD dementia will most likely develop epilepsy, which in this context has a specific clinical presentation in the form of generalized myoclonic epilepsy. This epilepsy, named late onset myoclonic epilepsy (LOMEDS) affects the quality of life, might be associated with worse cognitive and functional outcomes in patients with AD dementia and has an impact on mortality. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge about the clinical and electrophysiological characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of epileptic seizures in the DS population, with a special emphasis on LOMEDS. Raised awareness and a better understanding of epilepsy in DS from families, caregivers and clinicians could enable earlier diagnoses and better treatments for individuals with DS.

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Section: Electrophysiological Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epilepsy in Down Syndrome: A Highly Prevalent Comorbidity

Altuna

Giménez

Fortea

2021

JCM

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“…In later studies EEG signals were combined with localization of current sources, measures of cognitive performance, among others. Initial studies described as well how DS brain responded to external stimuli in form of evoked potentials in the 60’s and early 70’s (Barnet and Lodge, 1967; Bigum et al, 1970), while work in the 60’s with EEG recordings described as well the increased occurrence of epilepsy in DS (Borselli and Sferlazzo, 1963; Seppäläinen and Kivalo, 1967). Sleep patterns have found to be altered in DS children, with increased wakefulness, increased percentage of stage 1 of NREM sleep, and decreased REM sleep (Miano et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outer Brain Oscillations in Down Syndrome

Ruiz-Mejias

2019

Front. Syst. Neurosci.

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The present article reviews the relationship between sleep and oscillatory activity in Down Syndrome (DS), as well as the featuring emergent rhythmic activity across different brain states. A comprehensive discussion of the data from electroencephalographic studies in DS humans and transgenic/trisomic mouse models is provided, as well as data from signals collected from local field potentials (LFP) and intracellular recordings in DS mouse models. The first sections focus specially on the alpha phenotype consistently observed in DS subjects, as well as its description in DS childhood and aging. Subsequently, a review of the data reported in DS mouse models is presented with the aim to deepen on the mechanisms underlying altered rhythmic patterns. Further sections situate the state-of-the-art of the field, with a discussion on the possible circuit alterations that may underlie impaired alpha and gamma oscillatory activity. A further aim is to highlight the importance of studying network oscillatory activity in mouse models to infer alterations in the underlying circuits related to cognition, such as in intellectual disability. In this direction, a view of alpha and gamma rhythms generated by the cerebral cortex as a tool for evaluating an unbalance between excitation and inhibition in DS is claimed, which points out toward an over-inhibited network. A final aim is to situate oscillatory activity as a key phenomenon that may be used as a biomarker for monitoring as well the effect of novel therapeutic strategies.

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“…In some studies the condition is not defined. Seppalainen and Kivalo (1967) separate clear-cut epileptic seizures from probable epilepsy and convulsive seizures. MacGillivray (1967) includes any with a history of epilepsy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prevalence of Epilepsy Among Mongols Related to Age

1974

J intellect Disabil Res

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Eeg Findings and Epilepsy in Down's Syndrome

Cited by 7 publications

References 8 publications

Epilepsy in Down Syndrome: A Highly Prevalent Comorbidity

Epilepsy in Down Syndrome: A Highly Prevalent Comorbidity

Outer Brain Oscillations in Down Syndrome

The Prevalence of Epilepsy Among Mongols Related to Age

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