EEG background frequency is associated with discharge outcomes in non-ICU hospitalized patients with COVID-19

Seibert, Kaitlin; Lee, Wonhee; Eid, Alexandra; Espinal, Amy E.; Klein, Sara; Abumurad, Sumayyah K.; Tao, James X.; Issa, Naoum P.

doi:10.3389/fneur.2022.941903

Cited by 3 publications

References 29 publications

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Parallel electrophysiological abnormalities due to COVID‐19 infection and to Alzheimer's disease and related dementia

Jiang,

Neal,

Sompol

et al. 2024

Alzheimer's & Dementia

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Many coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) positive individuals exhibit abnormal electroencephalographic (EEG) activity reflecting “brain fog” and mild cognitive impairments even months after the acute phase of infection. Resting‐state EEG abnormalities include EEG slowing (reduced alpha rhythm; increased slow waves) and epileptiform activity. An expert panel conducted a systematic review to present compelling evidence that cognitive deficits due to COVID‐19 and to Alzheimer's disease and related dementia (ADRD) are driven by overlapping pathologies and neurophysiological abnormalities. EEG abnormalities seen in COVID‐19 patients resemble those observed in early stages of neurodegenerative diseases, particularly ADRD. It is proposed that similar EEG abnormalities in Long COVID and ADRD are due to parallel neuroinflammation, astrocyte reactivity, hypoxia, and neurovascular injury. These neurophysiological abnormalities underpinning cognitive decline in COVID‐19 can be detected by routine EEG exams. Future research will explore the value of EEG monitoring of COVID‐19 patients for predicting long‐term outcomes and monitoring efficacy of therapeutic interventions.Highlights Abnormal intrinsic electrophysiological brain activity, such as slowing of EEG, reduced alpha wave, and epileptiform are characteristic findings in COVID‐19 patients. EEG abnormalities have the potential as neural biomarkers to identify neurological complications at the early stage of the disease, to assist clinical assessment, and to assess cognitive decline risk in Long COVID patients. Similar slowing of intrinsic brain activity to that of COVID‐19 patients is typically seen in patients with mild cognitive impairments, ADRD. Evidence presented supports the idea that cognitive deficits in Long COVID and ADRD are driven by overlapping neurophysiological abnormalities resulting, at least in part, from neuroinflammatory mechanisms and astrocyte reactivity. Identifying common biological mechanisms in Long COVID‐19 and ADRD can highlight critical pathologies underlying brain disorders and cognitive decline. It elucidates research questions regarding cognitive EEG and mild cognitive impairment in Long COVID that have not yet been adequately investigated.

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Parallel electrophysiological abnormalities due to COVID‐19 infection and to Alzheimer's disease and related dementia

Jiang,

Neal,

Sompol

et al. 2024

Alzheimer's & Dementia

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Electroencephalographic features with COVID-19

Sáez-Landete,

Gómez-Domínguez,

Estrella-León

et al. 2024

Linking Neuroscience and Behavior in COVID-19

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Neurological Manifestations of Non-Severe COVID-19—A Multidirectional Approach

et al. 2023

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COVID-19 remains a significant clinical issue worldwide, with frequent neurological manifestations. In this study, the authors combine data obtained from the patient’s medical history, physical examinations, and additional test results in the pursuit of any clinically relevant connections. Fifty-eight adult patients hospitalized in the Department of Neurology and Infectiology over a five-months period were retrospectively enrolled in this study. On admission, all patients included in this study were classified as mild or moderate COVID-19 cases, according to the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. Laboratory tests, Electroencephalography (EEG), and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) were performed. There was no statistically significant difference in the Neutrophil–Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), C-reactive protein (CRP), and Interleukin 6 (IL-6) in patients who reported to the hospital within a week from the symptoms’ onset and in those who reported later. In total, 49.06% of patients with eligible EEG recordings presented abnormal brain activity, while 27.59% of the study population had COVID-19-associated MRI findings. EEG and MRI abnormality occurrence did not correlate with the incidence of mild neurological symptoms (headache, olfactory, and gustatory disorders) of the SARS-CoV-2 infection. In three patients in this study population, unprovoked generalized epileptic seizures occurred for the first time in their life. Non-severe SARS-CoV-2 infection causes functional and structural abnormalities within the central nervous system. Brain microhemorrhages are frequently present in non-severe COVID-19 patients. There is no significant association between mild neurological symptoms of COVID-19 and additional test abnormalities. The time from SARS-CoV-2 infection’s onset to hospital admission does not seem to influence the prognostic value of CRP, IL-6, and NLR in non-severe COVID-19. Mild-to-moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection can be a trigger factor for epilepsy and epileptic seizures.

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EEG background frequency is associated with discharge outcomes in non-ICU hospitalized patients with COVID-19

Cited by 3 publications

References 29 publications

Parallel electrophysiological abnormalities due to COVID‐19 infection and to Alzheimer's disease and related dementia

Parallel electrophysiological abnormalities due to COVID‐19 infection and to Alzheimer's disease and related dementia

Electroencephalographic features with COVID-19

Neurological Manifestations of Non-Severe COVID-19—A Multidirectional Approach

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