eEF2 improves dense connective tissue repair and healing outcome by regulating cellular death, autophagy, apoptosis, proliferation and migration

Abstract

Outcomes following human dense connective tissue (DCT) repair are often variable and suboptimal, resulting in compromised function and development of chronic painful degenerative diseases. Moreover, biomarkers and mechanisms that guide good clinical outcomes after DCT injuries are mostly unknown. Here, we characterize the proteomic landscape of DCT repair following human tendon rupture and its association with long-term patient-reported outcome. Moreover, the regulatory mechanisms of relevant biomarkers were assessed partly by gene silencing experiments. A Mass-Spectrometry based proteomic approach quantified a large number (769) of proteins, including 51 differentially expressed proteins among 20 good versus 20 poor outcome patients. A novel biomarker, elongation factor-2 (eEF2) was identified as being strongly prognostic of the 1-year clinical outcome. Further bioinformatic and experimental investigation revealed that eEF2 positively regulated autophagy, cell proliferation and migration, as well as reduced cell death and apoptosis, leading to improved DCT repair and outcomes. Findings of eEF2 as novel prognostic biomarker could pave the way for new targeted treatments to improve healing outcomes after DCT injuries.

Sodium hyaluronate promotes proliferation, autophagy, and migration of corneal epithelial cells by downregulating miR-18a in the course of corneal epithelial injury

“…Autophagy can eliminate cel- There is a close relationship between autophagy and tissue repair. 41 Briefly, autophagy participates in the clearance of intracellular waste and the recycling of metabolic products, which can provide necessary nutrients for damaged tissues and promote tissue repair. 42 Ma and colleagues have found that inducing autophagy leads to more labeled MSCs migrating to the site of injury.…”