EDXRS study of lichens as biomonitors and effects of washing procedure on element concentrations

Calliari, Irene; Caniglia, Giovanni; Nardi, Serenella; Tollardo, A. M.; Callegaro, Rafael Marian

doi:10.1002/xrs.1300240311

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…24 The t-student test shows that the response of the materials oscillated from significant accumulation of airborne metals to maintenance of the control levels (Table 2). Other workers 3,28,29 report similar findings for lichens, when the time of exposure to the atmosphere is shorter than three months as it is in this study.…”

Section: Metal Uptake By the Different Materialssupporting

confidence: 88%

The ability of biological and organic synthetic materials to accumulate atmospheric particulates containing copper, lead, nickel and strontium

Baptista¹,

Vasconcelos

Cabral

et al. 2006

J. Environ. Monit.

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This work was aimed at finding materials that could be used as alternatives to lichens as air quality monitors since the high natural variability and the large amount of lichen collected are two drawbacks of the use of these organisms. Lichen Flavoparmelia caperata(L.) Hale was exposed in three different forms (transplant, detached from the substratum and as a biomass-ground and homogeneized) and compared to the planetree bark (Platanus hybrida Brot.), exposed as a biomass, and two organic synthetic materials (Chelex(R) 100 resin and cellulose acetate). Materials were exposed for two months in the winter, spring and summer, at three Portuguese coastal cities. The results showed that the airborne accumulations of Cu, Ni, Pb and Sr were partially dependent on the meteorological conditions but mainly dependent on the nature of the exposed material. The standard deviations of the synthetic materials or homogenized biomass were the same or greater than lichen transplants or detached. The accumulation by biological materials, of the four studied elements, was comparable to the lichen transplant accumulation. The replacement of the traditional transplants by the biomass was not considered advantageous, since their preparation is time-consuming. Therefore lichens remain the most suitable in biomonitoring studies. The exposure of detached lichen allows the accurate measurement of the exposed area/volume so it can be useful to relate atmospheric deposition rates with the lichen metal content. The synthetic materials accumulated Cu and Ni and should only be used as an alternative to traditional transplants when these are the elements of interest.

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Section: Metal Uptake By the Different Materialssupporting

confidence: 88%

The ability of biological and organic synthetic materials to accumulate atmospheric particulates containing copper, lead, nickel and strontium

Baptista¹,

Vasconcelos

Cabral

et al. 2006

J. Environ. Monit.

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“…In the present work, energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) is used to determine the element composition of samples of F. vesiculosus. X-ray fluorescence analysis is a powerful technique for elemental analysis of environmental samples [14,15]. It is a fast, nondestructive analytical method, requiring little or no sample preparation, which allows the simultaneous determination of all elements heavier than phosphorus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Heavy Metals and Other Elements in Macrophyte Algae Using Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence

Carvalho¹,

Ferreira²,

Amorim³

et al. 1997

Environ Toxicol Chem

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Abstract-Fucus vesiculosus L. seaweeds from three estuarine stations were analyzed by X-ray fluorescence, providing results for the concentration of total K, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Br, Sr, and Pb. Four different structures of the algae (base, stipe, reproductive organs, and growing tips) were analyzed to study the differential accumulation of heavy metals by different parts of Fucus. Some elements (e.g., Cu and Fe) are preferentially accumulated in the base of the algae, whereas others (e.g., As) exhibit higher concentrations in the reproductive organs and growing tips. The pattern of accumulation in different structures is similar for Cu, Zn, and Pb, but for other metals there is considerable variability in accumulation between parts of the plant. This is important in determining which structures of the plant should be used for biomonitoring. For samples collected at stations subject to differing metal loads, the relative elemental composition is approximately constant, notwithstanding significant variation in absolute values. The proportion of metals in Fucus is similar to that found in other estuaries, where metal concentrations are significantly lower. Energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence has been shown to be a suitable technique for multielement analysis in this type of sample. No chemical pretreatment is required, minimizing sample contamination. The small amount of sample required, and the wide range of elements that can be detected simultaneously make energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence a valuable tool for pollution studies.

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“…In the present work, energy‐dispersive X‐ray fluorescence (EDXRF) is used to determine the element composition of samples of F. vesiculosus . X‐ray fluorescence analysis is a powerful technique for elemental analysis of environmental samples [14,15]. It is a fast, nondestructive analytical method, requiring little or no sample preparation, which allows the simultaneous determination of all elements heavier than phosphorus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of heavy metals and other elements in macrophyte algae using energy‐dispersive x‐ray fluorescence

Carvalho

Joao

Amorim

et al. 1997

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Fucus vesiculosus L. seaweeds from three estuarine stations were analyzed by X‐ray fluorescence, providing results for the concentration of total K, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Br, Sr, and Pb. Four different structures of the algae (base, stipe, reproductive organs, and growing tips) were analyzed to study the differential accumulation of heavy metals by different parts of Fucus. Some elements (e.g., Cu and Fe) are preferentially accumulated in the base of the algae, whereas others (e.g., As) exhibit higher concentrations in the reproductive organs and growing tips. The pattern of accumulation in different structures is similar for Cu, Zn, and Pb, but for other metals there is considerable variability in accumulation between parts of the plant. This is important in determining which structures of the plant should be used for biomonitoring. For samples collected at stations subject to differing metal loads, the relative elemental composition is approximately constant, notwithstanding significant variation in absolute values. The proportion of metals in Fucus is similar to that found in other estuaries, where metal concentrations are significantly lower. Energy‐dispersive X‐ray fluorescence has been shown to be a suitable technique for multielement analysis in this type of sample. No chemical pretreatment is required, minimizing sample contamination. The small amount of sample required, and the wide range of elements that can be detected simultaneously make energy‐dispersive X‐ray fluorescence a valuable tool for pollution studies.

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EDXRS study of lichens as biomonitors and effects of washing procedure on element concentrations

Cited by 12 publications

References 12 publications

The ability of biological and organic synthetic materials to accumulate atmospheric particulates containing copper, lead, nickel and strontium

The ability of biological and organic synthetic materials to accumulate atmospheric particulates containing copper, lead, nickel and strontium

Study of Heavy Metals and Other Elements in Macrophyte Algae Using Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence

Study of heavy metals and other elements in macrophyte algae using energy‐dispersive x‐ray fluorescence

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