Educational practice: lessons to be learned from madrasah and religious schools in contemporary Southeast Asia

Abstract

This article aims at examining the current portrait of Islamic education in Southeast Asia. Recently, there have been many studies on the role of madrasahs or religious schools in Islamic education. As Muslim who studies social-anthropology, I would like to approach this issue by examining socio-cultural of Islamic education in Southeast Asia. Historically, the tradition has been based on Muslim society at grass root level. The word of madrasah in Southeast Asia has long history, which called as dayah in Aceh, surau in Minangkabau, pesantren in Java, pondok in Malaysia, and pho no in Southern Thailand. The role of madrasah, then has similarities with the tradition of pesantren, even in some Muslim countries like Indonesia scholars still can differentiate between pesantren and madrasah. In this study, I examine to philosophical dimension and system of knowledge reproduction in Islamic education. Finally, I argue that pesantren or religious school is embedded in Muslim culture. madrasah atau pendidikan agama di dalam pendidikan Islam. Sebagai seorang Muslim yang menekuni kajian sosial-antropologi, saya ingin mendekati studi ini denganmemaparkansosio-kultural pendidikan Islam di Asia Tenggara. Menurut sejarah, tradisi pendidikan tersebut sudah menggejala dalam masyarakat Muslim pada level akarrumput.Istilah madrasah di Asia Tenggara sudah mengalami perkembangan yang amat pesat, di mana kalau di Aceh dikenal dengan istilah dayah, di Minangkabau dikenal dengan istilah surau, sementara di Jawa digunakan istilah pesantren, di Malaysia memakai istilah pondok, di Thailand Selatan digunakan istilah pho no. Peran madrasah, hamper sama dengan tradisi pesantren, kendati di beberapa negara, seperti Indonesia, para sarjana masih membedakan antara pesantren dan madrasah. Dalam kajian ini, dikupas tentang dimensi filosofis dan system reproduksi pengetahuan dalam pendidikan Islam. Akhirnya, saya berargumen bahwa pesantren dan pendidikan agama merupakan bagian yang tidak terpisahkan dalam budaya Muslim.

Learning Style of Santri as EFL Learner of IAIM NU Metro Lampung

“…More specifically, according to Steenbrink in Arif (2015) stated that basically, Pesantren as an Islamic Institution teach Islamic education with the resources of teaching and learning are written in Arabic. In addition, Ahmad (2015) see pesantren as a global tradition among malay world, therefore, he informs that the name of Pesantren is vary in many places such as dayah in Aceh, surau in Minangkabau, pondok in Malaysia and pho no in Southern Thailand. Those variations do not change the function of this Islamic educational institution that dedicated to the teaching and learning Islamic law.…”

“…The word pesantren in Malay world has long relationship. It is stated by Ahmad (2015), the word pesantren as a place for learning Islam commonly uses in Java, it also uses in several Malay region such as in Aceh it is called dayah, surau in minangkabau, pondok in Malaysia and pho no in southern Thailand.…”

“…Although, there are different term in stating the word pesantren, it has similarity in the function. More specifically, Ahmad (2015) informs that pesantren as a global tradition among malay world, has different name in many places such as dayah in Aceh, surau in Minangkabau, pondok in Malaysia and pho no in Southern Thailand.…”

“…Although, there are different term in stating the word pesantren, it has similarity in the function. More specifically, Ahmad (2015) informs that pesantren as a global tradition among malay world, has different name in many places such as dayah in Aceh, surau in Minangkabau, pondok in Malaysia and pho no in Southern Thailand.Pesantren is an Islamic institution places Kiai as the center of the educational system. Kiai or teacher usually uses sorogan and wetonan as the method of teaching.. More specifically, according to Alwi (2013) the educational system of pondok pesantren are categorized in to; (1) tahfidz (memorizing), (2) bahts al-masail (discussion), (3) fath al-kutub (reading classic book), (4) muqaranah (comparison), (5) muhadasah (practicing Arabic), (6) wetonan (lecturing by kiai) and (7) sorogan (facing the kiai).…”

“…The word pesantren in Malay world has long relationship. It is stated by Ahmad (2015), the word pesantren as a place for learning Islam commonly uses in Java, it also uses in several Malay region such as in Aceh it is called dayah, surau in minangkabau, pondok in Malaysia and pho no in southern Thailand.Pondok pesantren does not only represent Islam but it is also stated the origin of Malay community (Zakaria, 2010). Although, it has different term in several Malay regions, pondok pesantren has similar function as a center of producing ulama (leader) and scholar, studying religious knowledge and preserving Islam tradition.…”