Educational needs and type 1 diabetes mellitus: The voices of adolescents, parents and caregivers

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe the needs of adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus for acquiring self-care and psychosocial skills for the progressive self-management of the disease, as a prelude to the development of an educational programme. The parents and health care professionals who supported young people were also asked to provide their insight into adolescents’ needs. Methods, design and setting: Qualitative focus group design with a thematic analysis informed by social-cognitive theory. Results: Findings highlight gaps and divergence in the perceived needs of adolescents engaged with in existing structured educational programmes. Suggestions for change to future programmes were identified, including the implementation of educational follow-ups outside of hospital settings and an educational programme open to family and friends to foster support from the adolescents’ social circle. The use of digital media is proposed as an on-demand (rather than planned) educational method. Conclusion: This study provides information relevant to the development of new educational programmes for adolescents with type 1 diabetes in the south of France. Future programmes should be structured so as to promote active participation by adolescents from the start of the programme through to its evaluation.

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“…Regarding changes in their behaviour toward home care management of patient complaints with T1DM, this study found that there were changes in the diet and insulin domains, and highly significant differences between pre-test and post-test (1 and 2) after intervention programs in intervention groups (Table 2). This finding strongly agreed with Mayen et al [13], who illustrated that in total caregivers regarding diet balance assessment there was an obvious improvement in post-program implementation, supported by Hilliard et al [14] effects of intervention programs toward insulin independence after being exposed to programs, while in control groups there is a non-significant between pre-test and post-test 1 and 2 in diet and insulin domains (Table 2). The cause of care of parents is due to they do not apply for intervention programs.…”

“…Family functioning and interactions at meal-times have been demonstrated to impact eating behaviour and glycemic control in younger children [12]. Monitoring sugars at home with the help of a glucometer allows the patient and family to adjust insulin doses for hypoglycemia, high blood glucose, unplanned exercise, and ketosis on sick days [13]. Ongoing patient with TIDM self-management education and support are critical to preventing acute complications and reducing the risk of long-term complications.…”

Autogestão do diabetes na adolescência: experiência de jovens adultos e pais portugueses

“…Nossos resultados concordam com estudos anteriores, em que os pares são reconhecidos como importantes modelos e a partilha de experiências permite aprender a resolver problemas com repercussões em sua autoeficácia. (9,19,21,22) A dificuldade para lidar com a frustração relacionada à ineficácia de seu desempenho foi evidenciada no presente estudo, sugerindo que os profissionais de saúde devem atender a estas experiências em vez de focar só nos resultados. Esta ideia foi também apresentada em outros estudos; (23,24) eles sublinharam que os adolescentes identificam aliados e pessoas que revelam empatia, reforçando a importância de individualizar e disponibilizar recursos de saúde mental.…”

“…Características dos adolescentes 4(6) 3 (10) Manutenção das rotinas 2 (12) Fatores dificultadores Gestão da terapêutica 9(83) 6 (22) Atitudes discriminatórias e/ou estigma 5(29) 6(37)…”