Educational level and adult mortality in Russia: An analysis of routine data 1979 to 1994

Self-perceived health in Belarus: Evidence from the income and expenditures of households survey

“…More educated individuals are more likely to report illness because of their greater degree of self-awareness, and thus the effect of education on SPH can be underestimated. Our findings regarding the importance of education are consistent with previous research suggesting that education is a very reliable and stable predictor of health and mortality (Kunst, Geurts, and van den Berg 1995;Bobak et al 1998;Shkolnikov et al 1998;Bobak et al 2000;Perlman and Bobak 2008).…”

Educational differences in all-cause mortality by marital status

“…Despite the considerable theoretical and health-policy relevance of comparative research, the evidence thus far has been based mostly on Western European countries and the United States. Eastern European countries have had limited representation in this comparative work with the exception of Estonia, Hungary, the Czech Republic, Russia, and recently, Lithuania (Carlson 1989;Hajdu et al 1995;Carlson 2000;Mackenbach et al 1999;Shkolnikov et al 1998Shkolnikov et al , 2004Shkolnikov et al , 2007. Nonetheless, evidence suggests that socioeconomic differentials in mortality in both relative and absolute terms also exist in the former socialist countries of Central and Eastern Europe, and these differentials appear to be even larger than are those observed in Western Europe and other industrialized countries (Hajdu et al 1995;Watson 1995).…”

Differences in Mortality Rates due to Major Specific Causes between Japanese Male Occupational Groups over a Recent 30-year Period

“…It is already known that higher grade employees have a generally lower mortality rate 5,17,18) . However, this kind of social gradient can be changed either by internal or external settings.…”