Educational Attainment, Positive Psychological Mediators, and Resources for Health and Vitality in Older Adults

Murrell, Stanley A.; Salsman, Nicholas L.; Meeks, Suzanne

doi:10.1177/0898264303256198

Cited by 66 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Several cross-sectional studies have shown associations between depression or depressive symptoms and fatigue (17,135) and development of fatigue (15,136,137). However, when adjusting the associations between fatigue and diverse outcomes by depressive symptoms, the results did not seriously change (33,58,62,64).…”

Section: Depressionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Fatigue in older adults: an early indicator of the aging process?

2010

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Section: Depressionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Fatigue in older adults: an early indicator of the aging process?

2010

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“…Educational attainment is associated with happiness in older people (Kubzansky et al, 1998;Murrell et al, 2003). Those born before 1956 in the UK were not legally obliged to stay at school until age 16 (Sheldon, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Happiness across age groups: results from the 2007 National Psychiatric Morbidity Survey

Cooper¹,

Bebbington²,

King³

et al. 2010

Int. J. Geriat. Psychiatry

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“…In general, positive states of well-being correlate with better physical health (e.g., Hilleras, Jorm, Herlitz, & Winblad, 1998;Murrell, Salsman, & Meeks, 2003;Ostir, Markides, Black, & Goodwin, 2000). Correlations between objective physical health (i.e., health as assessed by medical personnel) and well-being are low in broad samples of respondents, in part because people appear to adapt over time to many illnesses and because most people are relatively healthy.…”

Section: Physical Health and Well-beingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond Money

Diener

Seligman

2004

Psychol Sci Public Interest

1,806

292

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SUMMARY-Policy decisions at the organizational, corporate, and governmental levels should be more heavily influenced by issues related to well-being--people's evaluations and feelings about their lives. Domestic policy currently focuses heavily on economic outcomes, although economic indicators omit, and even mislead about, much of what society values. We show that economic indicators have many shortcomings, and that measures of well-being point to important conclusions that are not apparent from economic indicators alone. For example, although economic output has risen steeply over the past decades, there has been no rise in life satisfaction during this period, and there has been a substantial increase in depression and distrust. We argue that economic indicators were extremely important in the early stages of economic development, when the fulfillment of basic needs was the main issue. As societies grow wealthy, however, differences in well-being are less frequently due to income, and are more frequently due to factors such as social relationships and enjoyment at work.Important noneconomic predictors of the average levels of well-being of societies include social capital, democratic governance, and human rights. In the workplace, noneconomic factors influence work satisfaction and profitability. It is therefore important that organizations, as well as nations, monitor the well-being of workers, and take steps to improve it.Assessing the well-being of individuals with mental disorders casts light on policy problems that do not emerge from economic indicators. Mental disorders cause widespread suffering, and their impact is growing, especially in relation to the influence of medical disorders, which is declining. Although many studies now show that the suffering due to mental disorders can be alleviated by treatment, a large proportion of persons with mental disorders go untreated. Thus, a policy imperative is to offer treatment to more people with mental disorders, and more assistance to their caregivers.Supportive, positive social relationships are necessary for well-being. There are data suggesting that well-being leads to good social relationships and does not merely follow from them. In addition, experimental evidence indicates that people suffer when they are ostracized from groups or have poor relationships in groups. The fact that strong social relationships are critical to well-being has many policy implications. For instance, corporations should carefully consider relocating employees because doing so can sever friendships and therefore be detrimental to well-being.Desirable outcomes, even economic ones, are often caused by well-being rather than the other way around. People high in wellbeing later earn higher incomes and perform better at work than people who report low well-being. Happy workers are better organizational citizens, meaning that they help other people at work in various ways. Furthermore, people high in well-being seem to have better social relationships than people low in wellbeing. ...

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Educational Attainment, Positive Psychological Mediators, and Resources for Health and Vitality in Older Adults

Cited by 66 publications

References 55 publications

Fatigue in older adults: an early indicator of the aging process?

Fatigue in older adults: an early indicator of the aging process?

Happiness across age groups: results from the 2007 National Psychiatric Morbidity Survey

Beyond Money

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