Education, Practice, and Competency Gaps of Anesthetists in Ethiopia: Task Analysis

Kibwana, Sharon; Teshome, Mihereteab; Asemu, Yohannes Molla; Carr, Catherine; Akalu, Leulayehu; Roosmalen, Jos van; Stekelenburg, Jelle

doi:10.1016/j.jopan.2017.02.001

Cited by 13 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…Previous studies in Ethiopia and other low-and middle income countries signify the shortage of equipment, facilities, essential drugs, and monitoring devices [4,5,[20][21][22][23][24][25]. Our result was similar with other low-income countries regarding to equipment and essential medications with little appreciable improvement.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

The current state of anesthesia safety in a third world country: a cross-sectional survey among anesthesia providers in Ethiopia

Mihretu

2021

Patient Saf Surg

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Background Improving patient safety during anesthesia and surgery becomes a major global public health issue due to the increasing in surgical burden. Anesthesia is delivered safely in developed countries, but its safety is hampered by complex problems in third world countries. This survey assesses the unmet anesthesia needs of one of a third world country, Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Amhara region of Ethiopia from 15/12/2019 to 30/1/2020. All 81 hospitals of the region were stratified by their level as district, general, and referral hospital. The study was conducted in 66 hospitals. The number of hospitals from each strata were calculated by proportional sampling technique resulting; five referral, three general, and fifty eight primary hospitals. Each hospital from each strata was selected by convenience. Each anesthesia provider for the survey was selected randomly from each hospital and questionnaires were distributed. The minimum expected safe anesthesia requirements were taken from World Health Organization-World Federation of Societies of Anesthesiologists International Standard and Ethiopian Hospitals Standard. Anesthesia practice was expected safe if the minimum requirements were practiced always (100%) in each hospital. P < 0.05 with 95% confidence interval were used to compare the safety of anesthesia between higher and lower level hospitals. Results Seventy eight (88.6%) anesthesia providers working in 62 hospitals responded to the survey. On aggregate, 36 (58%) hospitals from the total 62 hospitals have met the minimum expected safe anesthesia requirements. Among the different variables assessed; professional aspects 32 (52.45%), medication and intravenous fluid 33 (53.36%), equipment and facilities 33 (52.56%), patient monitoring 43(68.88%), and anesthesia conduct 38 (62.1%) of surveyed hospitals have met the minimum requirements. Anesthesia safety is relatively higher in higher level hospitals (general and referral) 6 (75%) when compared to district hospitals 30 (55.5%), P < 0.001. Conclusion Anesthesia safety in Ethiopia appears challenged by substandard continuous medical education and continuous professional development practice, and limited availability of some essential equipment and medications. Patient monitoring and anesthesia conduct are relatively good, but World Health Organization surgical safety checklist application and postoperative pain management are very low, affecting the delivery of safe anesthesia conduct.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

The current state of anesthesia safety in a third world country: a cross-sectional survey among anesthesia providers in Ethiopia

Mihretu

2021

Patient Saf Surg

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“…Analyzing tasks are important when describing nursing in different contexts, what is expected of the nurse, and to develop education. 18 This study is the first step to describe the competence and education for perianesthesia nurses from an international context. As Poole 14 highlighted, it is important to gain knowledge and understanding about perianesthesia nursing between different countries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tasks performed by nurses vary depending on context, and tasks are a guide to education and training. Earlier studies have conducted task analysis to guide needs and gaps in education, practice and competence in anesthetists, 18 and to describe nursing in acute care. 19 To our knowledge there are no earlier studies that have mapped the nurse working in the PACU from an international perspective; therefore the aim of this research project was to describe the education, competence, and role of nurses working in the PACU in 11 countries having an established perianesthesia specialty nursing organization and membership on the ICPAN Global Advisory Council (GAC).…”

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confidence: 99%

Education, Competence, and Role of the Nurse Working in the PACU: An International Survey

Dahlberg

Brady²,

Jaensson

et al. 2021

Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing

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“…However, presence of some differences required combination of both methodologies which probably provides more valid reflection of relative weights of subjects in the examination. Our recommendation is supported by similar approaches in designing licensing examination for graduates of health science programs [ 12 – 14 ]. We recommend conducting practice analysis periodically to decide distribution of national licensing examinations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Moreover, as part of its effort to ensure quality of healthcare, the Ministry of Health was working to establish national licensing examination for university graduates. Practice, task or job analysis can be used to assess needs for and gaps in education and training, update scope of practice, optimize workforce deployment, and develop blueprint for licensing examinations [ 12 – 14 ]. Hence, we conducted a practice analysis study to identify gaps in medical education and practice; and to determine composition of subjects in the licensing examination for medical undergraduates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Practice analysis of junior doctors in Ethiopia: implications for strengthening medical education, practice and regulation

Dejene¹,

Yigzaw²,

Mengistu³

et al. 2018

glob health res policy

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BackgroundA high performing physician workforce is critical to attain nationally set health sector goals. Ethiopia has expanded training of medical doctors. However, little is known about junior doctors’ performance. Understanding medical practice is essential to inform medical education and practice, establish licensure examination and guide workforce management decisions. We conducted a practice analysis study to identify gaps in Ethiopian medical education and practice, and to determine composition of subjects in national licensing examination.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study with national representative sample of junior doctors. After calculating a sample size of 198, we used a two-stage stratified cluster sampling method to select study participants. We collected data using a structured questionnaire comprising 222 tasks. Study participants reported in interviews on frequency of, competence at, and importance of doing each task for improved health outcome. We developed proportions, averages, graphs and tables. Using the results of practice analysis and experts’ ratings, relative weights of subjects in the national licensing examination for medical undergraduates were determined.ResultsA total of 191 junior doctors participated. Most were males (74.6%) and had less than 2 years of experience (69.8%). Junior doctors frequently performed tasks of internal medicine and pediatrics. Their participation in obstetrics and gynecology, ophthalmology, psychiatry and dentistry services was infrequent. Junior doctors had competency gaps to conduct clinical procedures, research and health programming tasks. Practice analysis results and expert ratings generated comparable recommendations for composition of a national licensing examination, with more than three-quarters of the items focusing on internal medicine, pediatrics, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, and public health.ConclusionJunior doctors in Ethiopia rarely managed psychiatry, ophthalmology and dental patients. They had competence gaps in clinical procedures, research and health programming skills. The findings have implications for establishing licensing examination, and reviewing curriculum, continuing professional development, placement and rotation policy, and distribution of responsibilities.

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Education, Practice, and Competency Gaps of Anesthetists in Ethiopia: Task Analysis

Abstract: Anesthetists rated themselves as being adequately prepared to perform a majority of the tasks in their scope of practice.

Cited by 13 publications

References 18 publications

The current state of anesthesia safety in a third world country: a cross-sectional survey among anesthesia providers in Ethiopia

The current state of anesthesia safety in a third world country: a cross-sectional survey among anesthesia providers in Ethiopia

Education, Competence, and Role of the Nurse Working in the PACU: An International Survey

Practice analysis of junior doctors in Ethiopia: implications for strengthening medical education, practice and regulation

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