“…QFD began as a management tool in Japan in the early 1970s (Hauser and Clausing, 1988) and in short time became popular within industry in North America at companies like General Motors (Hauser and Clausing, 1988), Ford (Hauser and Clausing, 1988), Xerox (Hauser, 1993) and many smaller firms (Qfd Institute, 2005). QFD's main component, the HoQ, is utilized as both a stand alone tool, as exemplified by Kaldate et al (2003) and as a tool integrated in larger design processes, as at Praxair, Inc. (Olewnik et al , 2004), to support product and process design. With such far reaching use and application, the HoQ might be assumed a fundamentally valid design tool.…”