Information and communication technology can be used to improve the quality and safety of health care and to lower costs. But in both developed and developing countries, there is an inadequate supply of skilled individuals who have the technical skills to use this technology to improve health care. Some studies project workforce needs of tens of thousands in English-speaking developed countries, but it is not known what size workforce will be required in the developing world. It is important to identify and develop the skills, training, and competenciesconsistent with local cultures, languages, and health systems-that will be needed to realize the full benefits of these technologies. We present a framework for answering these questions and for developing estimates of the size and scope of the workforce that may be needed.O ne way to bring about improvements in health, health care, biomedical research, and public health across the world is to make use of knowledge and skills in the implementation and use of information and communication technology. The reach of these technologies in the developing world, via both Internet access and mobile phones, is increasing exponentially.1 However, the size and skills of the workforce have not kept pace.When information and communication technology is used for health applications, it is called e-health.2 Its application limited to mobile phone technology is called m-health.
Improving Care With TechnologyIn developed economies, there is increasing evidence, documented by systematic reviews, that information and communication technology can improve the quality and safety of health care while reducing its cost. 4,5 In developing economies, the evidence is less robust, but there are successful applications-for example, from Africa, 6,7 Latin America, 8-10 and the Philippines.
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Workforce NeedsOne of the challenges to implementing health information and communication technology is the need for a skilled workforce that understands health care, information and communication technology, and the people and organizational challenges involved.