Editorial: Sealed, but with a club

Morton, Brian

doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.01.048

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…The three tanks of the remaining unit were used as controls. Urea is increasingly detected at elevated concentrations in polluted coastal waters (up to 6 μM in the vicinity of wastewater outlets in the Jeddah Metropolitan area in the otherwise oligotrophic Central Red Sea, where urea is found at concentrations of 0.2–0.5 μM; Peña‐García et al., 2014). Urea rapidly photodissociates into carbon dioxide and ammonium in aqueous solutions (Glibert, Harrison, Heil, & Seitzinger, 2006), thereby allowing a continuous co‐enrichment of dissolved organic and inorganic nitrogen.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The composition and concentration of the excess DOC treatment were selected to mimic sewage input (Huang, Li, & Gu, 2010) and exudates of the reef macroalga Halimeda (Nelson et al., 2013), which share a similar pool of the most abundant oligosaccharides as used here. The excess DOC and excess DON conditions in the present study constitute severe stress scenarios not representative of natural, healthy reef conditions (Pogoreutz, Rädecker, Cárdenas, Gärdes, Wild, et al., 2017), but rather reflect conditions of degraded coastal ecosystems impacted by anthropogenic activity (Kline, Kuntz, Breitbart, Knowlton, & Rohwer, 2006; Peña‐García, Ladwig, Turki, & Mudarris, 2014). Excess organic matter can cause rapid and dramatic compositional and metabolic changes in bacterial communities (Cárdenas et al., 2017; Haas et al., 2016) and can affect the physiology of coral holobionts (Kline et al., 2006; Vega Thurber et al., 2009, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dominance of Endozoicomonas bacteria throughout coral bleaching and mortality suggests structural inflexibility of the Pocillopora verrucosa microbiome

Pogoreutz

Rädecker

Cárdenas

et al. 2018

Ecology and Evolution

118

112

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The importance of Symbiodinium algal endosymbionts and a diverse suite of bacteria for coral holobiont health and functioning are widely acknowledged. Yet, we know surprisingly little about microbial community dynamics and the stability of host‐microbe associations under adverse environmental conditions. To gain insight into the stability of coral host‐microbe associations and holobiont structure, we assessed changes in the community structure of Symbiodinium and bacteria associated with the coral Pocillopora verrucosa under excess organic nutrient conditions. Pocillopora‐associated microbial communities were monitored over 14 days in two independent experiments. We assessed the effect of excess dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) and excess dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Exposure to excess nutrients rapidly affected coral health, resulting in two distinct stress phenotypes: coral bleaching under excess DOC and severe tissue sloughing (>90% tissue loss resulting in host mortality) under excess DON. These phenotypes were accompanied by structural changes in the Symbiodinium community. In contrast, the associated bacterial community remained remarkably stable and was dominated by two Endozoicomonas phylotypes, comprising on average 90% of 16S rRNA gene sequences. This dominance of Endozoicomonas even under conditions of coral bleaching and mortality suggests the bacterial community of P. verrucosa may be rather inflexible and thereby unable to respond or acclimatize to rapid changes in the environment, contrary to what was previously observed in other corals. In this light, our results suggest that coral holobionts might occupy structural landscapes ranging from a highly flexible to a rather inflexible composition with consequences for their ability to respond to environmental change.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%