Editorial: Insights into structural and functional organization of the brain: evidence from neuroimaging and non-invasive brain stimulation techniques

Emerging Translational Research in Neurological and Psychiatric Diseases: From In Vitro to In Vivo Models

“…Methods such as transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation have been employed in preclinical models to investigate their potential therapeutic alternatives [15,16]. These techniques offer a unique opportunity to modulate neural activity in specific brain regions, mimicking the neuromodulatory effects observed in human studies [17][18][19]. Non-invasive brain stimulation in preclinical research allows scientists to explore the neural circuitry involved in neuropsychiatric conditions, providing valuable insights into the underlying pathology.…”

Neurodegeneration in Cognitive Impairment and Mood Disorders for Experimental, Clinical and Translational Neuropsychiatry

“…Nevertheless, the existing therapies for neurodegenerative disorders primarily address alleviate symptoms but are largely inadequate in terms of efficacy. Hence, there is a requirement for new and inventive methods, such as non-invasive brain stimulation, that can regulate neural activity and plasticity in a secure and reversible manner [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ]. The field is rapidly evolving, with a focus on identifying new avenues of clinical research, elucidating potential mechanisms for the therapeutic effects of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) and exploring the potential synergy between different stimulation protocols and pharmacological interventions [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ].…”

Tackling social anxiety with targeted brain stimulation: investigating the effects of transcranial static magnetic field stimulation on self-focused attention

“…Alongside neuroimaging research, the development of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques has substantially enriched our understanding of human brain function across the last decades ( Tanaka et al, 2023 ). NIBS techniques such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial current stimulation (tCS) have gained attention in neuropsychiatry as they offer a safe and non-surgical approach to manipulate neural circuits involved in neuropsychiatric disorders ( Battaglia et al, 2023 ).…”

“…NIBS techniques such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial current stimulation (tCS) have gained attention in neuropsychiatry as they offer a safe and non-surgical approach to manipulate neural circuits involved in neuropsychiatric disorders ( Battaglia et al, 2023 ). Unlike neuroimaging, which offers correlational insights into the structure–function relationships within the brain, NIBS techniques provide evidence of the causal importance of specific brain regions in relation to targeted functions ( Tanaka et al, 2023 ).…”

“…Second, we investigate whether tSMS improves SFA scores (body sensations and self-imagery from the observer perspective) and the relevant psychological indices during the speech task compared with sham stimulation. NIBS in preclinical research allows scientists to explore the neural circuitry involved in neuropsychiatric conditions, providing valuable insights into the underlying pathology and facilitating the assessment of the safety and efficacy of these techniques before translating them into clinical applications ( Tanaka et al, 2023 ). This preclinical research contributes a clearer understanding of the relationship between SFA in social settings and rFPA activity.…”