Editorial: Human Microbiome: Symbiosis to Pathogenesis

Lee, Learn‐Han; Wong, Sunny H.; Chin, Siok‐Fong; Singh, Vishal; Mutalib, Nurul Syakima Ab

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.605783

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…when the Greek physician Hippocrates said, “death is in the bowels” and also “poor digestion is the origin of all evil” ( Iebba et al, 2016 ). Over the years, researchers have discovered that there are strong correlations between the gut microbiome and important systems in the human body, such as the brain in the nervous system and the immune system that protects the body against deadly infections and cancer ( Schwabe and Jobin, 2013 ; Gonzalez-Perez and Lamousé-Smith, 2017 ; Yang and Jobin, 2017 ; Chew et al, 2020 ; Johnson et al, 2020 ; Lee et al, 2021 ). Existing evidence has demonstrated that gut dysbiosis can contribute to the etiology of numerous human diseases, including diabetes, atherosclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, atopic dermatitis, autism, or even the development of cancer ( Adlerberth et al, 2007 ; Michail et al, 2012 ; Morgan et al, 2012 ; Mulle et al, 2013 ; Vinje et al, 2014 ; Zackular et al, 2014 ; Song et al, 2016 ; Gózd-Barszczewska et al, 2017 ; Jie et al, 2017 ; Ni et al, 2017 ; Lee et al, 2020a , b ; Selvaraj et al, 2020 ; Wang et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Importance Of Gut Microbiome In Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Fecal Microbiome Transplant in Treating Human Diseases: Too Early for Poop?

et al. 2021

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Fecal microbiome transplant (FMT) has gained popularity over the past few years, given its success in treating several gastrointestinal diseases. At the same time, microbial populations in the gut have been shown to have more physiological effects than we expected as “habitants” of the gut. The imbalance in the gut microbiome or dysbiosis, particularly when there are excessive harmful pathogens, can trigger not just infections but can also result in the development of common diseases, such as cancer and cardiometabolic diseases. By using FMT technology, the dysbiosis of the gut microbiome in patients can be resolved by administering fecal materials from a healthy donor. The current review summarizes the history and current uses of FMT before suggesting potential ideas for its high-quality application in clinical settings.

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Section: Importance Of Gut Microbiome In Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Fecal Microbiome Transplant in Treating Human Diseases: Too Early for Poop?

et al. 2021

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“…With the proper functioning of the organism (understood as the absence of pathogenic symptoms), intestinal microorganisms form communities called enterotypes, which have a completely different effect on the intestine. It should be noted that the enterotypes possessed by a given person are not constant and are subject to dynamic changes conditioned by a number of factors such as diet, lifestyle or environmental stress ( Table 1 ) [ 16 , 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: The Importance Of the Human Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

A Link between Chronic Kidney Disease and Gut Microbiota in Immunological and Nutritional Aspects

et al. 2021

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is generally progressive and irreversible, structural or functional renal impairment for 3 or more months affecting multiple metabolic pathways. Recently, the composition, dynamics, and stability of a patient’s microbiota has been noted to play a significant role during disease onset or progression. Increasing urea concentration during CKD can lead to an acceleration of the process of kidney injury leading to alterations in the intestinal microbiota that can increase the production of gut-derived toxins and alter the intestinal epithelial barrier. A detailed analysis of the relationship between the role of intestinal microbiota and the development of inflammation within the symbiotic and dysbiotic intestinal microbiota showed significant changes in kidney dysfunction. Several recent studies have determined that dietary factors can significantly influence the activation of immune cells and their mediators. Moreover, dietary changes can profoundly affect the balance of gut microbiota. The aim of this review is to present the importance and factors influencing the differentiation of the human microbiota in the progression of kidney diseases, such as CKD, IgA nephropathy, idiopatic nephropathy, and diabetic kidney disease, with particular emphasis on the role of the immune system. Moreover, the effects of nutrients, bioactive compounds on the immune system in development of chronic kidney disease were reviewed.

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“…The microbial pattern in every human is largely individualized and highly evolving across the lifespan. The first colonization of microbes in humans is thought to occur during birth although there are studies suggesting that this could occur as early as in utero via placental colonization [9][10][11][12]. Various factors influence the composition of microbiota in an individual which can be classified into extrinsic and intrinsic factors [2,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, any disturbance in the intestinal microbial equilibrium, also referred as gut dysbiosis, induces a long-lasting yet reversible effect through the epigenetic modification of the human genome within the gut-brain axis pathway [13]. On the positive side, the reversibility of the microbial-induced changes in human biology allows scientists to explore various methods of microbiota modulation with the aim of reversing intestinal dysbiosis as part of a preventive and therapeutic approach [11,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Role and Potential of Probiotics in the Field of Mental Health: Major Depressive Disorder

et al. 2021

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The field of probiotic has been exponentially expanding over the recent decades with a more therapeutic-centered research. Probiotics mediated microbiota modulation within the microbiota–gut–brain axis (MGBA) have been proven to be beneficial in various health domains through pre-clinical and clinical studies. In the context of mental health, although probiotic research is still in its infancy stage, the promising role and potential of probiotics in various mental disorders demonstrated via in-vivo and in-vitro studies have laid a strong foundation for translating preclinical models to humans. The exploration of the therapeutic role and potential of probiotics in major depressive disorder (MDD) is an extremely noteworthy field of research. The possible etio-pathological mechanisms of depression involving inflammation, neurotransmitters, the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis and epigenetic mechanisms potentially benefit from probiotic intervention. Probiotics, both as an adjunct to antidepressants or a stand-alone intervention, have a beneficial role and potential in mitigating anti-depressive effects, and confers some advantages compared to conventional treatments of depression using anti-depressants.

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Editorial: Human Microbiome: Symbiosis to Pathogenesis

Cited by 13 publications

References 51 publications

The Use of Fecal Microbiome Transplant in Treating Human Diseases: Too Early for Poop?

The Use of Fecal Microbiome Transplant in Treating Human Diseases: Too Early for Poop?

A Link between Chronic Kidney Disease and Gut Microbiota in Immunological and Nutritional Aspects

Exploring the Role and Potential of Probiotics in the Field of Mental Health: Major Depressive Disorder

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