Editorial: Flame-Retardant Polymeric Materials and Polymer Composites

Shi, Yongqian; Yu, Bin; Wang, Xin; Yuen, Anthony

doi:10.3389/fmats.2021.703123

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…These first pioneering reports provide a good starting point for future endeavors. Indeed, these works may aid in the design of frontally geopolymerized composites with a host of advanced properties found in other mixed materials (e.g., thermal resistance, − self-healing, ,, or flame retardance).…”

Section: Applications Of Frontal Polymerizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frontal Polymerizations: From Chemical Perspectives to Macroscopic Properties and Applications

et al. 2023

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The synthesis and processing of most thermoplastics and thermoset polymeric materials rely on energy-inefficient and environmentally burdensome manufacturing methods. Frontal polymerization is an attractive, scalable alternative due to its exploitation of polymerization heat that is generally wasted and unutilized. The only external energy needed for frontal polymerization is an initial thermal (or photo) stimulus that locally ignites the reaction. The subsequent reaction exothermicity provides local heating; the transport of this thermal energy to neighboring monomers in either a liquid or gel-like state results in a self-perpetuating reaction zone that provides fully cured thermosets and thermoplastics. Propagation of this polymerization front continues through the unreacted monomer media until either all reactants are consumed or sufficient heat loss stalls further reaction. Several different polymerization mechanisms support frontal processes, including free-radical, cat-or anionic, amine-cure epoxides, and ring-opening metathesis polymerization. The choice of monomer, initiator/catalyst, and additives dictates how fast the polymer front traverses the reactant medium, as well as the maximum temperature achievable. Numerous applications of frontally generated materials exist, ranging from porous substrate reinforcement to fabrication of patterned composites. In this review, we examine in detail the physical and chemical phenomena that govern frontal polymerization, as well as outline the existing applications.

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Section: Applications Of Frontal Polymerizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frontal Polymerizations: From Chemical Perspectives to Macroscopic Properties and Applications

et al. 2023

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“…In terms of char strength, chemical bonds promote the formation of a robust char layer that serves as a thermal insulator and enhances the composite's structural integrity, preventing further flame propagation [88]. This char is denser and more cohesive compared to that formed through mechanical interlocking, providing better protection against heat and maintaining mechanical properties under fire conditions.…”

Section: Chemical Bondingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Keratinous Natural Fibres as Sustainable Flame Retardants and Reinforcements in Polymer Composites

Mishra,

Kim,

Bhattacharyya

2024

J. Compos. Sci.

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Natural fibres have been used as fibre reinforcements in composites as they offer eco-friendly and economic advantages, but their susceptibility to deterioration when exposed to heat and flames has limited their practical application in fibre-reinforced polymeric composites. Fire-reaction properties have been explored in reasonable detail for plant fibres, but a gap exists in the understanding of animal fibre-reinforced composites. Understanding the thermal and fire reactions of these keratin-rich animal fibres is crucial for material selection and advancing composite product development. The current paper critically discusses the existing research landscape and suggests future research directions. The use of keratinous fibres in composites can definitely improve their thermal stability and fire performance, but it also appears to adversely affect the composite’s mechanical performance. The main part of this paper focuses on the flame-retardant treatment of keratinous fibres and polymer composites, and their behaviour under fire conditions. The final part of this paper includes a brief look at the environmental impact of the treatment methods; the overall processing of keratinous fibre-reinforced composites is also presented to gain further insight.

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“…Furthermore, the involvement of academic institutions, enterprises, and governmental organizations will be crucial in expediting the implementation of these environmentally friendly flame-retardant technologies. (Shi et al, 2021) The use of discarded polystyrene material for the production of fire-resistant polymers serves as an example of a proactive strategy in tackling environmental issues and meeting fire safety standards. Industries may make significant contributions to a more environmentally friendly future and prioritize the safety and welfare of persons and communities by effectively using cutting-edge technology and adopting sustainable practices.…”

Section: -Challenges and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eco-Friendly Flame-Retardant Solutions: Repurposing Polystyrene Waste into Fire-Resistant Polymers

Abdul Hasan Abdul Karem

2024

SVU-International Journal of Engineering Sciences and Applicati

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The most common types of insulation are Expanded and extruded polystyrene are commonly known as EPS and XPS, respectively; for more than 50 years, both types have been manufactured with the brominated flame retardant hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDD). As soon as HBCDD was Stockholm Convention controlled it because it is a substance of high concern in addition to European REACh laws. As a result, HBCDD insulation is not recommended. Insulation manufactured with HBCDD-equipped EPS or XPS is being phased out, and its waste cannot further undergo cutting-edge mechanical recycling. Most of the EPS and XPS built before the ban on HBCDDs are still in service. Research is being conducted to find more complex methods of reusing insulating material. Polystyrene from insulation is dissolved in a solvent and recycled in this research. Waste and eliminate both the co-dissolved HBCDD and the insoluble waste components. Due to this procedure, the study examines the mechanical characteristics of regenerated PS and the efficacy of HBCDD removal. Inorganic waste and other non-target polymers were safely separated, and the results indicated an overall increase in purity, removing more than 99.6 per cent of the HBCDD that was there to begin with. Recycled polystyrene's mechanical characteristics are in the typical quantity of virgin general-use PS, provided that residual solvents are removed if the recycled polymer has a residual solvent level of less than 0.1%, and then it may be used.

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Editorial: Flame-Retardant Polymeric Materials and Polymer Composites

Cited by 9 publications

References 8 publications

Frontal Polymerizations: From Chemical Perspectives to Macroscopic Properties and Applications

Frontal Polymerizations: From Chemical Perspectives to Macroscopic Properties and Applications

Keratinous Natural Fibres as Sustainable Flame Retardants and Reinforcements in Polymer Composites

Eco-Friendly Flame-Retardant Solutions: Repurposing Polystyrene Waste into Fire-Resistant Polymers

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