Editorial: Coastal environmental quality and marine biodiversity assessment, volume II

Abstract

Editorial on the Research TopicCoastal environmental quality and marine biodiversity assessment, volume IIThe biological productivity and ecological sustainability of coastal and marine ecosystems are greatly associated with abiotic and biotic factors in the surrounding coastal ecosystem (Yuvaraj et al., 2018). Large volumes of contaminants are being released from anthropogenic sources like industry, agriculture, and urban areas which result in the deterioration of seawater and sediment quality in coastal areas. The bulk of marine pollution comes from above-mentioned sources, accounting more than 80% of its sources on land. Offshore oil & gas extraction and maritime oil transportation are also one of the major sources of pollution in the coastal and marine environments. Consequently, the issue of coastal pollution has spread throughout the world and requires proper mitigation planning for sustainable ecosystem management.Anthropogenic discharges of pollutants into the coastal zone have led to increased concentrations of nutrients, metals, and microorganisms, which are negatively affecting the world's estuaries and coastal environment. To help understand geographical and temporal changes in coastal environment ecology, it is crucial to prevent and control coastal and marine pollution and develop better monitoring systems. Recent technological advances in monitoring the seawater quality of coastal and marine environments and ecology, such as automated data collecting, real-time data gathering, and periodic monitoring of these ecosystems, are crucial to comprehending real-time data and its environmental implications.Physicochemical characteristics of water, nutrients, microorganisms, metal toxicity, phytoplankton, and sediment quality are significant variables that require monitoring (Jha et al., 2021;Ratnam et al., 2022;Sathish Kumar et al., 2022). Good water and sediment quality are very important for the sustainable fishery, especially for the small lobsters (Scyllarinids) which do not form a prominent fishery, but they form an important link in the benthic and pelagic biodiversity in nearshore waters (Sekiguchi et al., 2007; Frontiers in Marine Science frontiersin.org 01