Editorial: Bridging the gap before and after birth: methods and technologies to explore the functional neural development in humans

Berchicci, Marika; Comani, Silvia

doi:10.3389/fnhum.2015.00571

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 13 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…EEG is widely used for medical diagnostics, e.g., in epilepsy, sleep disorders, coma, anesthesia, and stroke ( Niedermeyer and Lopes da Silva, 2005 ; Puce and Hämäläinen, 2017 ; Seeck et al, 2017 ). In the last two decades, its applications extended to an ever-increasing number of areas that include monitoring of motor rehabilitation ( Comani et al, 2015 ; Renton et al, 2017 ), neurodevelopment in preterm infants ( Hayashi-Kurahashi et al, 2012 ; Berchicci and Comani, 2015 ; Khazaei et al, 2021 ), cognitive decline including Alzheimer’s ( Paulsen et al, 2012 ), professional sports training ( Cheron et al, 2016 ; di Fronso et al, 2019 ), mental states ( Al-Barrak et al, 2017 ; di Flumeri et al, 2019 ), microstates ( Michel and Koenig, 2018 ), sleep states ( Khazaei et al, 2021 ), cognitive load ( Ortiz et al, 2020 ), and brain computer interfaces (BCI) ( Miranda et al, 2015 ; Stegman et al, 2020 ). Most new applications require specific characteristics of the EEG equipment so their full potential can be explored in real-life, mobile environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Arch Electrode: A Novel Dry Electrode Concept for Improved Wearing Comfort

et al. 2021

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Electroencephalography (EEG) is increasingly used for repetitive and prolonged applications like neurofeedback, brain computer interfacing, and long-term intermittent monitoring. Dry-contact electrodes enable rapid self-application. A common drawback of existing dry electrodes is the limited wearing comfort during prolonged application. We propose a novel dry Arch electrode. Five semi-circular arches are arranged parallelly on a common baseplate. The electrode substrate material is a flexible thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) produced by additive manufacturing. A chemical coating of Silver/Silver-Chloride (Ag/AgCl) is applied by electroless plating using a novel surface functionalization method. Arch electrodes were manufactured and validated in terms of mechanical durability, electrochemical stability, in vivo applicability, and signal characteristics. We compare the results of the dry arch electrodes with dry pin-shaped and conventional gel-based electrodes. 21-channel EEG recordings were acquired on 10 male and 5 female volunteers. The tests included resting state EEG, alpha activity, and a visual evoked potential. Wearing comfort was rated by the subjects directly after application, as well as at 30 min and 60 min of wearing. Our results show that the novel plating technique provides a well-adhering electrically conductive and electrochemically stable coating, withstanding repetitive strain and bending tests. The signal quality of the Arch electrodes is comparable to pin-shaped dry electrodes. The average channel reliability of the Arch electrode setup was 91.9 ± 9.5%. No considerable differences in signal characteristics have been observed for the gel-based, dry pin-shaped, and arch-shaped electrodes after the identification and exclusion of bad channels. The comfort was improved in comparison to pin-shaped electrodes and enabled applications of over 60 min duration. Arch electrodes required individual adaptation of the electrodes to the orientation and hairstyle of the volunteers. This initial preparation time of the 21-channel cap increased from an average of 5 min for pin-like electrodes to 15 min for Arch electrodes and 22 min for gel-based electrodes. However, when re-applying the arch electrode cap on the same volunteer, preparation times of pin-shaped and arch-shaped electrodes were comparable. In summary, our results indicate the applicability of the novel Arch electrode and coating for EEG acquisition. The novel electrode enables increased comfort for prolonged dry-contact measurement.

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