Editorial

Herwald, Heiko; Egesten, Arne

doi:10.1159/000330635

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Remarkably, only archaea belonging to the Thermococcus genus induced the expression of the alvinellacin gene. These data indicate that Alvinella can selectively recognize specific archaea and in turn induces an immune response, suggesting for the first time the existence of pattern recognition receptors in an eukaryote organism able to recognize and discriminate archaeal microbe-associated molecular patterns [40].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 73%

Characterization and Function of the First Antibiotic Isolated from a Vent Organism: The Extremophile Metazoan Alvinella pompejana

et al. 2014

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The emblematic hydrothermal worm Alvinella pompejana is one of the most thermo tolerant animal known on Earth. It relies on a symbiotic association offering a unique opportunity to discover biochemical adaptations that allow animals to thrive in such a hostile habitat. Here, by studying the Pompeii worm, we report on the discovery of the first antibiotic peptide from a deep-sea organism, namely alvinellacin. After purification and peptide sequencing, both the gene and the peptide tertiary structures were elucidated. As epibionts are not cultivated so far and because of lethal decompression effects upon Alvinella sampling, we developed shipboard biological assays to demonstrate that in addition to act in the first line of defense against microbial invasion, alvinellacin shapes and controls the worm's epibiotic microflora. Our results provide insights into the nature of an abyssal antimicrobial peptide (AMP) and into the manner in which an extremophile eukaryote uses it to interact with the particular microbial community of the hydrothermal vent ecosystem. Unlike earlier studies done on hydrothermal vents that all focused on the microbial side of the symbiosis, our work gives a view of this interaction from the host side.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 73%

Characterization and Function of the First Antibiotic Isolated from a Vent Organism: The Extremophile Metazoan Alvinella pompejana

et al. 2014

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“…Poly I:C has therefore been investigated a potential therapeutic [ 44 , 45 ] and as a vaccine adjuvant in many experimental systems [ 46 – 48 ]. Poly I:C acts through a set of pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs), either transmembrane (TLRs) or cytosolic (RIG-I) proteins, resulting in altered transcription [ 49 , 50 ]. It has previously been shown that EPA and DHA can modulate TLR function through interfering with lipid rafts and signaling platforms in cell membranes of immune cells [ 21 , 51 , 52 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of eicosapentaneoic acid on innate immune responses in an Atlantic salmon kidney cell line in vitro

Gjøen,

Ruyter,

Østbye

2024

PLoS ONE

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Studies of the interplay between metabolism and immunity, known as immunometabolism, is steadily transforming immunological research into new understandings of how environmental cues like diet are affecting innate and adaptive immune responses. The aim of this study was to explore antiviral transcriptomic responses under various levels of polyunsaturated fatty acid. Atlantic salmon kidney cells (ASK cell line) were incubated for one week in different levels of the unsaturated n-3 eicosapentaneoic acid (EPA) resulting in cellular levels ranging from 2–20% of total fatty acid. These cells were then stimulated with the viral mimic and interferon inducer poly I:C (30 ug/ml) for 24 hours before total RNA was isolated and sequenced for transcriptomic analyses. Up to 200 uM EPA had no detrimental effects on cell viability and induced very few transcriptional changes in these cells. However, in combination with poly I:C, our results shows that the level of EPA in the cellular membranes exert profound dose dependent effects of the transcriptional profiles induced by this treatment. Metabolic pathways like autophagy, apelin and VEGF signaling were attenuated by EPA whereas transcripts related to fatty acid metabolism, ferroptosis and the PPAR signaling pathways were upregulated. These results suggests that innate antiviral responses are heavily influenced by the fatty acid profile of salmonid cells and constitute another example of the strong linkage between general metabolic pathways and inflammatory responses.

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“…Features of it persist across the animal kingdom [75]. It consists of antimicrobial peptides [50], pattern recognition receptors [41], cytokines [98], complement [25] and phagocytic cells [35]. In higher animals, the presence of cells with oxidative killing (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circadian regulation of innate immunity in animals and humans and implications for human disease

Poole

Kitchen

2022

Semin Immunopathol

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Circadian rhythms are 24-h oscillating variations in physiology generated by the core circadian clock. There is now a wide body of evidence showing circadian regulation of the immune system. Innate immune cells contain the molecular circadian clock which drives rhythmic responses, from the magnitude of the inflammatory response to the numbers of circulating immune cells varying throughout the day. This leads to rhythmic presentation of disease clinically, for example the classic presentation of nocturnal asthma or the sudden development of pulmonary oedema from acute myocardial infarction first thing in the morning.

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Editorial

Cited by 6 publications

References 15 publications

Characterization and Function of the First Antibiotic Isolated from a Vent Organism: The Extremophile Metazoan Alvinella pompejana

Characterization and Function of the First Antibiotic Isolated from a Vent Organism: The Extremophile Metazoan Alvinella pompejana

Effects of eicosapentaneoic acid on innate immune responses in an Atlantic salmon kidney cell line in vitro

Circadian regulation of innate immunity in animals and humans and implications for human disease

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