Edible insects: non-food and non-feed industrial applications

Huis, A. van

doi:10.3920/jiff2022.x004

Cited by 19 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Research on new ingredients from insects is particularly relevant due to the growing shortage of animal feed [ 1 , 37 , 38 ]. The use of not only protein but also fat from insect larvae is of interest because their fat content is comparable with the protein content.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens L.) Fat on Health and Productivity Performance of Dairy Cows

Некрасов

Ivanov²,

Чабаев

et al. 2022

Animals

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Due to the intensive development of technologies for obtaining protein, energy feed and biologically active supplements from insects, the feasibility and effectiveness of introducing these products into the rations of farm animals require further study. This research aims to study the possibility and effects of feeding dairy cows fat from the larvae of the black soldier fly (BSFLF). The composition and properties of the BSFLF have been studied. The research of the fatty acid composition of BSFLF showed a high content of saturated fatty acids, including 58.9% lauric acid. The experiment was performed on black-and-white cows at the beginning of lactation (control, D0 (n = 12) vs. experimental D10 (n = 12) and D100 (n = 12) groups, 10 and 100 g/head/day BSFLF, respectively. There was no negative effect of BSFLF feeding on the process of feed digestion. The pH of the rumen content decreased (6.80 ± 0.07 & 6.85 ± 0.09 vs. 7.16 ± 0.06, p < 0.05), with an increase in the number of infusoria (0.27 ± 0.03&0.37 ± 0.09 vs. 0.18 ± 0.03 g/100 mL, p = 0.16); there was an increase in the concentration of VFA in the rumen content of animals of the experimental groups by 2.1 (p < 0.05) and 3.81 (p < 0.01) (8.66 ± 0.46 & 10.37 ± 0.42 vs. 6.56 ± 0.29) mmol/100 mL. The average daily milk yield of Group D10 cows over the experimental period (d17–d177) was slightly higher than the control (by 4.9%, p = 0.24 vs. Group D0). At the same time, Group D100 cows showed a significant increase in natural-fat milk compared to controls (by 8.0%, p < 0.05 vs. Group D0) over the same experiment period. Analysis of the fatty acid composition of the milk of the experimental animals showed some changes in the fatty acid composition of milk under the influence of BSFLF feeding; these changes were especially noticeable in Group D10. Thus, it was found that feeding dairy cows BSFLF at different dosages leads to better indicators of pre-gastric digestion and productivity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens L.) Fat on Health and Productivity Performance of Dairy Cows

Некрасов

Ivanov²,

Чабаев

et al. 2022

Animals

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“…Insects are gradually emerging as a potential high-quality and sustainable component of both animal and human diets [ 3 ]. Organizations such as the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) advocate, especially in Western societies, the nutritional, economic and environmental advantages of insects’ commercialization as a novel food and feed [ 4 , 5 ]. Although their nutritional value depends on several factors including species and development stage [ 6 ], several edible insects tend to be an efficient source of protein, energy, monounsaturated and/or polyunsaturated fatty acids, and micronutrients such as copper, iron and magnesium, with a well-balanced amino acid profile that meets human requirements [ 4 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carob (Ceratonia siliqua) as Functional Feed Is Beneficial in Yellow Mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) Rearing: Evidence from Growth, Antioxidant Status and Cellular Responses

et al. 2022

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In terms of sustainability and circular economy, agricultural by-products may be efficiently reused in insects’ rearing for high-quality protein sources in human diet and animal feeds. The present study aimed to explore whether the utilization of carob pods as feeding substrate may beneficially affect Tenebrio molitor’s growth, nutritional value, antioxidant status and cellular responses. Increasing levels of milled whole carob pods (0, 25, 50, 75, 100%) were used as alternative wheat bran (control) substrates for yellow mealworm rearing, while growth performance, proximate composition, total phenolic content, antioxidant enzyme activity and the expression of stress- and apoptotic-related proteins were evaluated in larvae. The results showed that carob pods’ content up to 75% did not significantly differentiate larvae weight, development time and total dry matter. Larvae total phenolic content and antioxidant activity exhibited a significant increase at 75% content. Although the antioxidant enzymes’ activity decreased at both 25 and 50% levels, higher carob content levels (75 and 100%) resulted in no significant changes compared to the control. Carob pods led to decreased apoptotic indicators and the low expression of most stress-related proteins compared to the control. The present findings demonstrate that carob pods and their antioxidant properties exert beneficial effects on T. molitor’s rearing and nutritional status, although 100% carob content may impact adversely the larvae due to the high amounts of carob tannins.

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“…The black soldier fly, H. illucens (L., 1758;Diptera: Stratiomyidae), has only become an important and globally mass farmed species within the past two decades (Sheppard et al 2002;Van Huis 2013;Tomberlin and van Huis 2020). In response to rising food demands driven by an ever-increasing human population, novel and more sustainable agricultural practices are being developed, such as the insect livestock industry (Van Huis et al 2013;Van Huis 2013). The black soldier fly can convert a diverse range of organic wastes into protein and fat rich biomass making it a key species in the insect-based food and feed industry (Gold et al 2018;Surendra et al 2020;Tomberlin and van Huis 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryptic diversity and signatures of domestication in the Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens)

Generalovic,

Sandrock,

Roberts

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) is the prime species in the developing global industry of insects as food and feed, but the genetic basis of its domestication has not been studied. We obtained whole genome sequences for 54 individuals from both wild and captive populations. We identified two genetic lineages at least 3 million years divergent, revealing cryptic diversity within the species complex. Our study indicates that the most common populations used for commercial and academic applications are primarily derived from just one of these divergent lineages, originating from a wild North American progenitor. Despite insect farming practices only reaching mass production scale over the past two decades, we find that captive populations show strong genome-wide signatures of domestication. Selective sweeps are found in multiple independently domesticated populations but are not seen in wild populations and suggest five major domestication loci located on chromosomes two, four and five. These regions contain development, behaviour, reproduction, metabolism and immunity genes. Populations experiencing independent domestication events, in the early stages of domestication, also show evidence of convergent genome evolution with repeated signatures of domestication in these same regions. Some limited evidence of gene flow between divergent lineages was observed, as well as evidence of hybridisation from domesticated populations into the wild. Our study reveals the genetic basis of ongoing domestication and provides a genomic platform for breeding and genetic surveillance in this novel agricultural species.

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Edible insects: non-food and non-feed industrial applications

Abstract: Edible insects can be considered for applications other than food or feed. This may be the case when biodegradation is the main purpose and food safety issues are a concern. Multi-purpose applications will also make edible insects more interesting for mass production.

Cited by 19 publications

References 32 publications

Effect of Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens L.) Fat on Health and Productivity Performance of Dairy Cows

Effect of Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens L.) Fat on Health and Productivity Performance of Dairy Cows

Carob (Ceratonia siliqua) as Functional Feed Is Beneficial in Yellow Mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) Rearing: Evidence from Growth, Antioxidant Status and Cellular Responses

Cryptic diversity and signatures of domestication in the Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens)

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