Edema e enfisema pulmonar agudo em bovinos no Sul do Brasil: doença espontânea e reprodução experimental

Abstract

RESUMO.-Descrevem-se os dados epidemiológicos, os sinais clínicos e as lesões de quatro surtos da doença do edema e enfisema pulmonar agudo em bovinos (EEPAB) nos estados de Santa Catarina e Paraná e sua reprodução experimental. A doença espontânea ocorreu após transferência de bovinos de pastagem madura e seca para outra jovem e viçosa. Todos os bovinos afetados eram vacas das raças holandês e pardo suíço. Os principais sinais clí-nicos foram dispneia e respiração abdominal dificultosa com o pescoço estendido e a boca aberta. Apresentaram, também, enfisema subcutâneo, queda na produção de leite e recuperação lenta ou morte. Os achados de necropsia foram restritos ao pulmão o qual tinha coloração vermelho escuro, não colabado, de aspecto brilhante e hipercriptante com enfisema interlobular acentuado. As lesões histológicas no pulmão consistiam principalmente de enfisema alveolar e interlobular intercalado por áre-as de congestão e edema, degeneração hialina da parede dos alvéolos e infiltrado de macrófagos e eosinófilos, moderado, difuso. A reprodução experimental da doença foi realizada em um bovino, com administração de 0,7mg/ kg de peso corporal de L-triptofano por via oral em dose única. O animal morreu no sétimo dia de experimento. Os sinais clínicos e lesões foram idênticos aos observados na doença espontânea. The paper reports the epidemiological data, clinical signs and lesions of four outbreaks of acute pulmonary edema and emphysema in cattle (ABPE) which occurred in the states of Parana and Santa Catarina, as well as its experimental reproduction. The spontaneous disease occurred after the cattle was transferred from a mature and dry pasture to another luxurious sprouting one. All affected animals were adult dairy cows of Holstein and Brown Swiss breed. The main clinical signs were dyspnea of laborious abdominal breathing with extended neck and open mouth.The sick animals also presented subcutaneous emphysema, decreased milk production, slow recovery or death. Postmortem findings were restricted to a dark red not collapsed lung, which was shiny and hyper sizzling more than usual and with marked interlobular emphysema. Histological lesions in the lung consisted of alveolar and interlobular emphysema, areas with congestion and edema, hyaline degeneration of the alveolus wall and moderate diffuse infiltration of macrophages and eosinophils. The experimental reproduction of the disease was performed in a cow by orally administration of 0.7mg/kg /LW of L--Tryptophan single dose. The animal died on the seventh day of the experiment. The clinical signs and lesions were similar to those observed in the naturally occurring disease.INDEX TERMS: L-tryptophan, pulmonary edema, pulmonary emphysema, cattle.

Acute and chronic bovine pulmonary edema and emphysema in Uruguay

“…Diagnosis of acute bovine pulmonary emphysema and edema (ABPE) was established based on epidemiology, acute respiratory clinical signs, and macroscopic and microscopic examinations, which were similar to those reported in other studies (Urrutia et al 1996, Loneragan et al 2001b, Raviolo et al 2007, Doster 2010, Wicpolt et al 2014, Coelho et al 2017. The disease usually occurs in autumn (Kerr & Linnabary 1989), but this outbreak occurred in winter.…”

“…The disease usually occurs in autumn (Kerr & Linnabary 1989), but this outbreak occurred in winter. Outbreaks of ABPE have also been reported at different times of the year in other South American countries (Urrutia et al 1996, Raviolo et al 2007, Wicpolt et al 2014.…”

“…This substance causes cellular damage on type 1 pneumocytes and on the non-ciliated bronchiolar epithelium (Club cells), resulting in severe pulmonary edema and emphysema, presence of hyaline membranes, and hyperplasia of the alveolar epithelium (Carlson et al 1972, Bray & Emmerson 1994, Woolums 2015, Constable et al 2017. This disease has already been reproduced in cattle experimentally by ingestion of L-tryptophan (Carlson et al 1972, Wicpolt et al 2014) and directly by 3MI (Bradley & Carlson 1980, Logan et al 1983.…”

“…Acute bovine pulmonary emphysema and edema (ABPE) -also known as atypical interstitial pneumonia, acute pulmonary emphysema, bovine asthma, regrowth fever, or fog fever (Blood 1962, Woolums 2015, Constable et al 2017) -is a common disease in some regions of the United States and in European countries; however, rare reports are also found in the specific scientific literature of South American countries such as Argentina (Raviolo et al 2007), Brazil (Wicpolt et al 2014, Coelho et al 2017, Chile (Urrutia et al 1996), and Uruguay (Dutra 2015).…”

“…Animals present respiratory clinical signs such as orthopneic position, dyspnea, tachypnea, sialorrhea, and expiratory noises. In general, clinical signs manifest as of the third day after feeding, and necropsy findings are basically restricted to the respiratory tract (Blood 1962, Carlson et al 1972, Loneragan et al 2001b, Raviolo et al 2007, Wicpolt et al 2014, Constable et al 2017.…”