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Martinelli, Axel; Hunt, Paul; Fawcett, R.H.; Cravo, Pedro Vitor Lemos; Walliker, David; Carter, Richard

doi:10.1186/1475-2875-4-11

Cited by 35 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Nevertheless, quite large chromosomally unassigned linkage groups (see Figure 3) were identified. These almost certainly represent groups of linked markers on all, or most, of the missing chromosomes [34]. Since no clear selection valley has been located on any of these unassigned linkage groups, it is unlikely that our analysis failed to identify any other major SSPI-associated selection valleys that might exist.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In addition, 92 of the 197 AJ markers were located onto ten P. c. chabaudi chromosomes and six unassigned P. c. chabaudi linkage groups of a P. c. chabaudi genetic linkage map previously generated from the progeny of a genetic cross between AS and AJ strains [34]. The genetic position of the 92 markers is displayed versus its CI in Figure 3.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…AJ-specific markers (indicated by black diamonds) were located on a P. c. chabaudi genetic linkage map, generated from a genetic cross between AS and AJ [34]. Numbers after letter ‘C’ and ‘g’ represent P. c. chabaudi chromosome numbers and P. c. chabaudi unassigned linkage groups, respectively, in the genetic linkage map [34].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numbers after letter ‘C’ and ‘g’ represent P. c. chabaudi chromosome numbers and P. c. chabaudi unassigned linkage groups, respectively, in the genetic linkage map [34]. Of the six AJ markers which were most reduced under AJ-specific immune selection (see Table 2), five (indicated by asterisks) could be located to P. c. chabaudi chromosome 8, forming a selection valley with the P. c. chabaudi msp -1 gene at its lowest point (see text).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to physical mapping, the strain specific AFLP markers were genetically located on a P. c. chabaudi genetic linkage map which was constructed with reference to the progeny of a genetic cross between P. c. chabaudi strains AS and AJ (see [34] for the method).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Linkage Group Selection: Towards Identifying Genes Controlling Strain Specific Protective Immunity in Malaria

2007

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Protective immunity against blood infections of malaria is partly specific to the genotype, or strain, of the parasites. The target antigens of Strain Specific Protective Immunity are expected, therefore, to be antigenically and genetically distinct in different lines of parasite. Here we describe the use of a genetic approach, Linkage Group Selection, to locate the target(s) of Strain Specific Protective Immunity in the rodent malaria parasite Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi. In a previous such analysis using the progeny of a genetic cross between P. c. chabaudi lines AS-pyr1 and CB, a location on P. c. chabaudi chromosome 8 containing the gene for merozoite surface protein-1, a known candidate antigen for Strain Specific Protective Immunity, was strongly selected. P. c. chabaudi apical membrane antigen-1, another candidate for Strain Specific Protective Immunity, could not have been evaluated in this cross as AS-pyr1 and CB are identical within the cell surface domain of this protein. Here we use Linkage Group Selection analysis of Strain Specific Protective Immunity in a cross between P. c. chabaudi lines CB-pyr10 and AJ, in which merozoite surface protein-1 and apical membrane antigen-1 are both genetically distinct. In this analysis strain specific immune selection acted strongly on the region of P. c. chabaudi chromosome 8 encoding merozoite surface protein-1 and, less strongly, on the P. c. chabaudi chromosome 9 region encoding apical membrane antigen-1. The evidence from these two independent studies indicates that Strain Specific Protective Immunity in P. c. chabaudi in mice is mainly determined by a narrow region of the P. c. chabaudi genome containing the gene for the P. c. chabaudi merozoite surface protein-1 protein. Other regions, including that containing the gene for P. c. chabaudi apical membrane antigen-1, may be more weakly associated with Strain Specific Protective Immunity in these parasites.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Linkage Group Selection: Towards Identifying Genes Controlling Strain Specific Protective Immunity in Malaria

2007

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Population genomic evidence of structured and connected Plasmodium vivax populations under host selection in Latin America

Kattenberg,

Monsieurs,

De Meyer

et al. 2024

Ecology and Evolution

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Pathogen genomic epidemiology has the potential to provide a deep understanding of population dynamics, facilitating strategic planning of interventions, monitoring their impact, and enabling timely responses, and thereby supporting control and elimination efforts of parasitic tropical diseases. Plasmodium vivax, responsible for most malaria cases outside Africa, shows high genetic diversity at the population level, driven by factors like sub‐patent infections, a hidden reservoir of hypnozoites, and early transmission to mosquitoes. While Latin America has made significant progress in controlling Plasmodium falciparum, it faces challenges with residual P. vivax. To characterize genetic diversity and population structure and dynamics, we have analyzed the largest collection of P. vivax genomes to date, including 1474 high‐quality genomes from 31 countries across Asia, Africa, Oceania, and America. While P. vivax shows high genetic diversity globally, Latin American isolates form a distinctive population, which is further divided into sub‐populations and occasional clonal pockets. Genetic diversity within the continent was associated with the intensity of transmission. Population differentiation exists between Central America and the North Coast of South America, vs. the Amazon Basin, with significant gene flow within the Amazon Basin, but limited connectivity between the Northwest Coast and the Amazon Basin. Shared genomic regions in these parasite populations indicate adaptive evolution, particularly in genes related to DNA replication, RNA processing, invasion, and motility – crucial for the parasite's survival in diverse environments. Understanding these population‐level adaptations is crucial for effective control efforts, offering insights into potential mechanisms behind drug resistance, immune evasion, and transmission dynamics.

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Amplified fragment length polymorphism: an adept technique for genome mapping, genetic differentiation, and intraspecific variation in protozoan parasites

2012

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With the advent of polymerase chain reaction (PCR), genetic markers are now accessible for all organisms, including parasites. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) is a PCR-based marker for the rapid screening of genetic diversity and intraspecific variation. It is a potent fingerprinting technique for genomic DNAs of any origin or complexity and rapidly generates a number of highly replicable markers that allow high-resolution genotyping. AFLPs are convenient and reliable in comparison to other markers like random amplified polymorphic DNA, restriction fragment length polymorphism, and simple sequence repeat in terms of time and cost efficiency, reproducibility, and resolution as it does not require template DNA sequencing. In addition, AFLP essentially probes the entire genome at random, without prior sequence knowledge. So, AFLP markers have emerged as an advance type of genetic marker with broad application in genomic mapping, population genetics, and DNA fingerprinting and are ideally suited as screening tool for molecular markers linked with biological and clinical traits. This review describes the AFLP procedure and its applications and overview in the fingerprinting of a genome, which has been currently used in parasite genome research. We outline the AFLP procedure adapted for Leishmania genome study and discuss the benefits of AFLPs for assessing genetic variation and genome mapping over other existing molecular techniques. We highlight the possible use of AFLPs as genetic markers with its broad application in parasitological research because it allows random screening of the entire genome for linkage with genetic and clinical properties of the parasite. In this review, we have taken a pragmatic approach on the study of AFLP for genome mapping and polymorphism in protozoan parasites and conclude that AFLP is a very useful tool.

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Cited by 35 publications

References 25 publications

Linkage Group Selection: Towards Identifying Genes Controlling Strain Specific Protective Immunity in Malaria

Linkage Group Selection: Towards Identifying Genes Controlling Strain Specific Protective Immunity in Malaria

Population genomic evidence of structured and connected Plasmodium vivax populations under host selection in Latin America

Amplified fragment length polymorphism: an adept technique for genome mapping, genetic differentiation, and intraspecific variation in protozoan parasites

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