Ectopic thymoma: Retrospective analysis of eight cases with clinical features and computed tomography findings

Qin, Zhou; Han, Lei; Ke, Xiaoai; Zhou, Junlin

doi:10.1016/j.clinimag.2019.10.017

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Because the original thymus had involuted into a small, solid tissue, the intracardiac thymoma was reasonably thought to have originated from the RA. To the best of our knowledge, four cases of intracardiac ectopic thymoma have been reported in the English literature [2][3][4]. However, two of them arose within cardiac myxomas [4], so only two cases of pure intracardiac thymoma have been reported [2,3].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another hypothesis is that ectopic thymomas can derive from stem cells that have retained the ability to differentiate into various cell lineages. These two are the theories for the origin of ectopic thymomas that have been most widely accepted [1,3].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ectopic thymoma is a rare neoplasm accounting for 4% of all thymomas, arising mostly in the cervical region, lungs, pleura, thyroid, pericardium, and middle/posterior mediastinum [1]. Intracardiac ectopic thymomas are extremely rare, with only four cases (including two pure tumors) reported to date in the English literature [2][3][4]. Ectopic thymomas are only sporadically linked with myasthenia gravis (MG) [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Myasthenic crisis appearing after resection of intracardiac ectopic thymoma with superior vena cava syndrome

et al. 2021

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Background We describe herein an extremely rare case of intracardiac ectopic thymoma—only two pure cases have been reported to date—associated with myasthenia gravis, an infrequent complication of ectopic thymoma. Case presentation A 71-year-old woman with superior vena cava syndrome was found to have a large mass mainly located in the right atrium. Tumor resection under cardiopulmonary bypass was performed. The pathological diagnosis was type AB ectopic thymoma. The postoperative course was complicated by progressive respiratory failure, and she was diagnosed with myasthenic crisis based on clinical signs and the edrophonium test. The patient recovered and was weaned from prolonged mechanical ventilation after receiving intravenous immunoglobulin, and was subsequently discharged uneventfully. Conclusions This is the first report of myasthenic crisis due to intracardiac ectopic thymoma. Residual thymoma is a risk factor for the development of post-thymectomy myasthenia gravis, and long-term follow-up is required.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Myasthenic crisis appearing after resection of intracardiac ectopic thymoma with superior vena cava syndrome

et al. 2021

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Intrapulmonary ectopic thymoma with severe myasthenia gravis after thymoma surgery: A case report and literature review

Yang

et al. 2023

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Background: Ectopic thymoma are rare thymic tumorslocated in regions other than the anterior mediastinum. It is even rarer to find patients with intrapulmonary ectopic thymoma and myasthenia gravis . In particular, patients with pulmonary masses with pulmonary symptoms such as cough, sputum, and dyspnea are highly susceptible to misdiagnosis. Here, we report the clinical data, tumor pathology, treatment, and prognosis of a patient with intrapulmonary ectopic thymoma and myasthenia gravis after thymoma surgery and review the relevant literature. Case presentation: Forty-five days ago, a 54-year-old female patient with a 12-year earlier clinical diagnosis of myasthenia gravis (type II) with thymoma (type B1) and thymoma resection presented with ptosis of the right upper eyelid with double vision. Enhanced chest computed tomography revealed a tumorous lesion in the supraglottic segment of the upper lobe of the left lung. After wedge resection of the upper lobe of the lung, the pathological biopsy and immunohistochemistry suggested pulmonary thymoma (mainly type B3). After surgery, the patient was treated with long-term oral pyridostigmine bromide combined with adjuvant radiation therapy. Discussions and Conclusion: This case report and review of the related literature show that even after removal for thymoma, there is a possibility of recurrence and unexpected sites of recurrence, such as the lungs.It is also important to consider the possibility of other rare neurological diseases such as thymoma located in the lungs in addition to lung tumors in patients with pulmonary masses, whether the patient presents with or without myasthenia gravis.Early lung biopsy can lead to early identification and treatment of the disease.This case provide a reference for the clinical diagnosis of intrapulmonary ectopic thymoma and improve its clinical treatment.

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Ectopic thymoma: Retrospective analysis of eight cases with clinical features and computed tomography findings

Cited by 2 publications

References 23 publications

Myasthenic crisis appearing after resection of intracardiac ectopic thymoma with superior vena cava syndrome

Myasthenic crisis appearing after resection of intracardiac ectopic thymoma with superior vena cava syndrome

Intrapulmonary ectopic thymoma with severe myasthenia gravis after thymoma surgery: A case report and literature review

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