Ectopic pregnancy in adolescents

Vichnin, Michelle

doi:10.1097/gco.0b013e32830d0ce1

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…2 The incidence of EP varies with the population, but it has been accounted for 1-2% of all reported pregnancies. [3][4] It has been shown to reduce subsequent fertility and increase the chances of subsequent EP. 6 Over recent decades, there has been a rise in the incidence of EP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ectopic pregnancy: clinical features, management and complications

Palve

Bhattacharya

Magtangi

2018

Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol

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Background: An ectopic pregnancy (EP) occurs when a fertilized ovum implants outside the normal uterine cavity 1. Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is a condition presenting as a major health problem for women of childbearing age.2 The incidence of EP varies with the population, but it has been accounted for 1-2% of all reported pregnancies. EP is one of the few medical conditions that can be managed expectantly, medically or surgically. Surgical methods are still the mainstay in the management of EP, and in developed societies, laparoscopic surgery is currently the gold standard.Methods: This is a retrospective observational study conducted in a tertiary care centre in Mumbai from November 2016 to November 2017. All patients diagnosed with ectopic pregnancy (by clinical examination, USG and/or B hCG) were included in the study. The aims and objectives of the study were to determine the demographic distribution, risk factors, clinical features, treatment modalities and complications in patients presenting with EP.Results: The incidence of ectopic pregnancies in one year was 1.17%. The commonest age of presentation of EP was between 35-40 years, most of the patients were Gravida 4 (28.57%). Majority of patients presented at a gestational age between 6-8 weeks. Most patients (64.28%) were found to have ruptured ectopic. 28.57% patients had a previous history of abortion. 14.28% of each EP were cornual and heterotopic as found intra-operatively. There was 1 interstitial and 1 scar ectopic pregnancy. The most common associated risk factor in these patients were a history of some form of pelvic surgeries in the past. Most of these patients presented with pain abdomen and were found to be anaemic and with a shock index (SBP/HR) of > 0.8. 64.28% of cases were diagnosed by combination of TVS and serum BhCG levels. Two cases were managed medically, and obstetric hysterectomy was needed in the patient with ruptured scar ectopic gestation.Conclusions: Ectopic pregnancy has a rising incidence in today’s world. With the use of better diagnostic modalities, ectopic pregnancies can be detected early and treated appropriately. However, as a silent disease, it presents with subtle signs and symptoms and hence can be easily misdiagnosed. Also, because of its subtle presentations, patients often present late in the course of the disease, wherein management of the condition can be sometimes life - saving. But once diagnosed accurately, it needs prompt treatment. Treatment however is easy and patients respond wonderfully with both medical and surgical management.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ectopic pregnancy: clinical features, management and complications

Palve

Bhattacharya

Magtangi

2018

Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol

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“…The costs of chlamydia infection for the Australian healthcare system have been estimated to be between $90 million and $160 million per year 8 . Chlamydia infection can lead to significant health complications, including pelvic inflammatory disease, endometritis and ectopic pregnancy in women, and epididymitis and reactive arthritis in men 2,9–11 . Chlamydia can also result in infertility in both males and females 12–15 .…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Chlamydia can also result in infertility in both males and females 12–15 . A large proportion of chlamydia infections are asymptomatic 1,8 and as a result often remain undiagnosed, increasing the likelihood of health complications 9–11 and adding to the spread of infection 16…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8 Chlamydia infection can lead to significant health complications, including pelvic inflammatory disease, endometritis and ectopic pregnancy in women, and epididymitis and reactive arthritis in men. 2,[9][10][11] Chlamydia can also result in infertility in both males and females. [12][13][14][15] A large proportion of chlamydia infections are asymptomatic 1,8 and as a result often remain undiagnosed, increasing the likelihood of health complications [9][10][11] and adding to the spread of infection.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,[9][10][11] Chlamydia can also result in infertility in both males and females. [12][13][14][15] A large proportion of chlamydia infections are asymptomatic 1,8 and as a result often remain undiagnosed, increasing the likelihood of health complications [9][10][11] and adding to the spread of infection. 16 Screening has been recognised as a costeffective method of reducing the prevalence of chlamydia, 8,[17][18][19] and chlamydial infection meets the WHO criteria for a screening program.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chlamydia trachomatis in Tasmania 2001–2007: rising notification trends

Stephens¹,

O'Sullivan²,

Coleman³

et al. 2010

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

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Objectives: To investigate trends in notification rates of Chlamydia trachomatis in Tasmania, Australia, by population sub‐groups, from 1 January 2001 to 31 December 2007. Methods: An enhanced surveillance dataset was used to supplement case notifications. Rates based on age group were analysed by sex, geographic region, indigenous status, sexual exposure, reason for testing and healthcare provider. Results: In all age groups, the notification rate increased steeply. The highest rates were seen in the ages 15–24 years; this age group represented 15% of the population but accounted for 74% of the chlamydial notifications. The increased rates in females aged 15–24 years and males 15–19 years in Tasmania were larger than the increases observed nationally. Rates were consistently higher in urban areas. Females were more likely to have been tested as a result of screening, and males were more likely to have been tested when presenting with symptoms or as a result of contact tracing. The majority of cases reported sexual exposure with opposite sex partners only. Conclusions: This study highlights the increasing significance of chlamydial infection as a public health issue, the gender differences in health‐seeking behaviour, and the discrepancies in testing patterns. These findings will assist with the design of health promotion programs.

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