Ectopic hepatocellular carcinomas developed in the chest wall and skull

Nenekidis, Ioannis; Anagnostakou, Vania; Paralikas, Ioannis; Kokkori, Aikaterini; Dedeilias, Panagiotis; Zisis, Charalambos

doi:10.1177/0218492311419460

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Only 3 of the 27 patients underwent fine needle aspiration (FNA). Two of three cases were diagnosed with EHCC before treatment or operation ( 3 , 14 , 16 ). Therefore, FNA could be an effective detection tool when a tumor cannot be classified.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although no lesion was found in the mother liver at the time of initial treatment, TACE was an option to prevent recurrence. Metastatic EHCC was reported on 5 patients ( 7 , 8 , 10 , 13 , 14 ). Only one of them showed no sign of recurrence after treatment ( 14 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Metastatic EHCC was reported on 5 patients ( 7 , 8 , 10 , 13 , 14 ). Only one of them showed no sign of recurrence after treatment ( 14 ). This patient was an old male who had tumors in the chest cavity and skull.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Challenge in Diagnosis and Treatment of Ectopic Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Case Report and Literature Review

Liu

Pan

et al. 2022

Front. Surg.

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BackgroundFindings of ectopic hepatocellular carcinoma (EHCC) have been rarely documented. Complicated clinical features and unpredictable medical prognosis make diagnosis and treatment difficult.Case PresentationWe reported a 59-year-old male patient who came to the hospital with epigastric discomfort and regurgitation of gastric acid. An enhanced CT scan revealed a 1.8 cm × 1.4 cm mass in the tail of pancreas without any positive finding in the liver. Postoperative MRI scan was performed but did not reveal any evidence of hepatic tumor. The tumor was resected in toto. Meanwhile, a 1 cm × 1 cm mass in the body of the stomach was found that was removed simultaneously. Histopathology showed that the pancreatic tumor was ectopic hepatocellular carcinoma (EHCC), and that the gastric nodule was gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). The patient had an uneventful postoperative recovery. He has been living without recurrence for over 7 years since surgery. Owing to our knowledge, this is the second-longest disease-free survival time for EHCC in the literature.ConclusionHere, we present a rare case of EHCC in the pancreas, and review the current literature on EHCC. Operation was an effective treatment for patients with curable EHCC. EHCC with metastasis still needs more practice to improve the poor prognosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Challenge in Diagnosis and Treatment of Ectopic Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Case Report and Literature Review

Liu

Pan

et al. 2022

Front. Surg.

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“…Of the 29 patients including this case, 26 patients underwent surgery treatment ( 1 , 3 – 8 , 10 – 15 , 17 , 18 , 20 – 29 ) and two patients did not undergo surgery due to serious complications ( 9 , 19 ). Traditional laparotomy and laparoscopy can be performed as the surgical methods, and seven patients received adjuvant therapy after surgery ( 5 , 11 , 15 , 24 , 25 , 27 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A large ectopic hepatocellular carcinoma with adrenal infiltration: a rare case report

Yang

et al. 2023

Front. Oncol.

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Ectopic hepatocellular carcinoma (EHCC) originates from the ectopic liver, which refers to a liver organ or tissue unrelated to surrounding tissues. EHCC is a rare disease that lacks specific clinical signs, and preoperative diagnosis is often difficult. In a 61-year-old male patient with positive hepatitis B virus antibody, abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan showed a large heterogenously enhancing mass both on arterial and portal venous phase imaging arising from the right adrenal gland. Similar enhancement features were seen on magnetic resonance imaging. Serum potassium, aldosterone, cortisol, and plasma metanephrines were normal. The tumor markers of serum alpha-fetoprotein and alpha-fetoprotein-L3% were increased to 23.69 ng/mL and 82.1%, respectively. Exploratory laparotomy was performed and operative findings showed that the retroperitoneal tumor was disconnected from the right kidney and the liver, but invaded the right adrenal gland. Immunohistochemical examination showed that Arginase-1 was positive expression, and the retroperitoneal tumor was finally diagnosed as EHCC. We report a rare EHCC with adrenal infiltration that is difficult to diagnose preoperatively and mimics a retroperitoneal tumor or adrenal tumor, and we present a review of the literature on EHCC case reports.

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“…Ectopic HCC was observed on the superior surface of the diaphragm (Moriwaki et al 1987;Huang et al 2007;Oldani and Garavoglia 2013), in the chest wall (Kawabata et al 1996;Asselah et al 2001;Nenekidis et al 2011), and has also been diagnosed within the thoracic cavity, including the mediastinum (Rozen et al 2011).…”

Section: Thoracic Ectopic Hepatocellular Carcinomamentioning

confidence: 99%