Ectopic fat deposition contributes to age-associated pathology in Caenorhabditis elegans

Palikaras, Konstantinos; Mari, Meropi; Petanidou, Barbara; Pasparaki, Angela; Filippidis, George; Tavernarakis, Nektarios

doi:10.1194/jlr.m069385

Cited by 53 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…This indicates that similar to mammals, there are few LDs in C. elegans neurons under normal conditions. It has been reported that both aging and general obesity may increase LD accumulation in non-adipose tissues (Palikaras, Mari et al, 2017, Shimabukuro, Langhi et al, 2016, Zhou, Grayburn et al, 2000.…”

Section: Lds Accumulate In Neurons Of Both Atgl-1 and Lid-1 Mutantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuronal lipolysis participates in PUFA-mediated neural function and neurodegeneration

Yang

Liang

Lam

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Highlights:1. Neuronal lipolysis prevents LD accumulation in neurons.2. Defective neuronal lipolysis leads to touch sensation defect.3. Blocking neuronal lipolysis alleviates neurodegeneration. 4. Neuronal lipolysis and de novo PUFA biosynthesis have a synergistic effect in neurodegeneration. The incorporation of PUFAs into phospholipids promotes neurodegeneration. AbstractLipid droplets (LDs) are dynamic cytoplasmic organelles present in most eukaryotic cells. The appearance of LDs in neurons is not usually observed under physiological conditions, but is associated with neural diseases. It remains unclear how LD dynamics is regulated in neurons and how the appearance of LDs affects neuronal functions. We discovered that mutations of two key lipolysis genes atgl-1 and lid-1 lead to LD appearance in neurons of Caenorhabditis elegans. This neuronal lipid accumulation protects neurons from hyperactivation-triggered neurodegeneration, with a mild decrease in touch sensation. We also discovered that reduced biosynthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) causes similar effects, synergistically with decreased lipolysis.Furthermore, we demonstrated that these changes in lipolysis and PUFA biosynthesis increase PUFA partitioning toward triacylglycerol, and reduced incorporation of PUFAs into phospholipids increases neuronal protection. Together, these results suggest the crucial role of neuronal lipolysis in regulating neural functions and neurodegeneration cell-autonomously.

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Section: Lds Accumulate In Neurons Of Both Atgl-1 and Lid-1 Mutantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuronal lipolysis participates in PUFA-mediated neural function and neurodegeneration

Yang

Liang

Lam

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Non-linear microscopy (NLM) diagnostic modalities are also included in Table 1. Non-linear microscopy techniques (NLM), such as MPEF, second harmonic generation (SHG), and third harmonic generation (THG), are well-established techniques for biological research [109][110][111][112][113][114]. These techniques under different modalities provide new insights for the assessment of appropriate conservation methods that have to be applied for various CH objects of high artistic or cultural significance [79,115].…”

Section: Non-linear Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Linear Microscopy: A Well-Established Technique for Biological Applications towards Serving as a Diagnostic Tool for in situ Cultural Heritage Studies

Mari

Filippidis

2020

Sustainability

Self Cite

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A range of sophisticated imaging techniques have been developed in recent years that can reveal the surface structure of cultural heritage objects with varying precision. In combination with various spectroscopic methods, they allow the study of the chemical composition of the object; thus, conclusions can be drawn about the origin of the object or its initial components, method, or time of creation, authenticity, mechanisms of degradation, and ways of further conservation. At present, different techniques can be applied to a wide range of cultural heritage objects, such as varnishes, paintings, archaeological objects, binding media, paper-based documents, parchments, marbles, frescoes, as well as various objects made of leather, fabric, stone, ceramics and glass, wood, or metal. One of the main needs in the study of cultural heritage (CH) is the transportability/portability of the research equipment, since many pieces under investigation cannot be moved to the laboratory, either because of their size, inseparability (for example, frescoes on walls, mural paintings in caves), or the threat of damage. In this work, we briefly overview the main optical- and laser-based methods used for the study of cultural heritage objects indicating the scope of their application, and we focus on the applications of non-linear microscopic methods for the investigation of a series of artifacts. We also discuss all the requirements for the construction of a prototype transportable non-linear optical system that will be used as a novel diagnostic tool for in situ studies of CH assets. The availability of such a transportable workstation will significantly improve the study and characterization of various types of CH objects and will constitute an extremely useful diagnostic tool for heritage scientists dealing with a variety of investigations.

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“…LDs are organelles that provide substrates for energy production and bioactive signaling molecules and have been shown to accumulate in non-storage tissue under certain conditions in C. elegans (Herndon et al, 2002;Palikaras et al, 2017). We observed an accumulation of LDs in body wall muscle in aged hermaphrodites that was dramatically increased when the animals were grown on glucose-supplemented bacteria, indicating that lipid accumulation in non-storage tissue (namely, in muscle cells) occurs in C. elegans as a function of both age and diet ( Figures S2A-S2D).…”

Section: Muscle-specific Lipid Accumulation In Non-storage Tissue Chamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The gradual redistribution of fat deposition in non-adipose tissue has also been described as a result of age-related changes in fat metabolism. Therefore, accumulation of lipids in non-adipose tissue, particularly muscle, occurs in aging animals, including humans, and may contribute to the progression of age-related pathologies and/or aging per se (Cartwright et al, 2007;Herndon et al, 2002;Palikaras et al, 2017;Petersen et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscle-Specific Lipid Hydrolysis Prolongs Lifespan through Global Lipidomic Remodeling

Schmeisser

Bouchard

et al. 2019

Cell Reports

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Ectopic fat deposition contributes to age-associated pathology in Caenorhabditis elegans

Cited by 53 publications

References 80 publications

Neuronal lipolysis participates in PUFA-mediated neural function and neurodegeneration

Neuronal lipolysis participates in PUFA-mediated neural function and neurodegeneration

Non-Linear Microscopy: A Well-Established Technique for Biological Applications towards Serving as a Diagnostic Tool for in situ Cultural Heritage Studies

Muscle-Specific Lipid Hydrolysis Prolongs Lifespan through Global Lipidomic Remodeling

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