Ectopic expression of rice OsMADS1 reveals a role in specifying the lemma and palea, grass floral organs analogous to sepals

Prasad, Kalika; Sriram, P.; Kumar, Santhosh C.; Kushalappa, Kumuda; Vijayraghavan, Usha

doi:10.1007/s004270100153

Cited by 137 publications

(166 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…The regulation of OsETTIN2 by OsMADS1 is further supported by a complete overlap in the spatial distribution of OsMADS1 and OsETTIN2 transcripts in early FMs and in emerging lemma/palea primordia (Fig. 4, C and D;Prasad et al, 2001Prasad et al, , 2005. At later developmental stages, OsETTIN2 expression is mainly confined to inner floret organs (Fig.…”

Section: Osmads1 Regulates Oskanadi2 and Oskanadi4 Expressionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…OsMADS34 transcripts are at reduced levels in the young FM. In contrast, OsMADS1 transcripts are abundant in the incipient FM and nearly undetectable in empty glumes (Prasad et al, 2001;Gao et al, 2010;Kobayashi et al, 2010Kobayashi et al, , 2012. We found 4-fold increased transcript levels for OsMADS34 in PUbi: OsMADS1-DGR; P35S:OsMADS1amiR panicles (Fig.…”

Section: Loss-of-function Phenotypesmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…In addition to the ABCDE class of organ fate regulators, a number of hormone signaling pathways influence floral transition, organ numbers, fertility, and floral meristem (FM) determinacy. Dynamic interactions are reported between transcription factors and specific hormone signaling factors during the establishment of Arabidopsis FMs (Sessions et al, 1997;Leibfried et al, 2005;Shani et al, 2006), but links between floral organ patterning and hormone signaling are not entirely clear.In the ancient LOFSEP clade, grass-specific genes constitute a subgroup diversified from other monocot and eudicot family members (Prasad et al, 2001;Malcomber and Kellogg, 2005). The rice (Oryza sativa) inflorescence (also called a panicle), a model for grass species, is branched and produces many kinds of lateral meristems.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the ancient LOFSEP clade, grass-specific genes constitute a subgroup diversified from other monocot and eudicot family members (Prasad et al, 2001;Malcomber and Kellogg, 2005). The rice (Oryza sativa) inflorescence (also called a panicle), a model for grass species, is branched and produces many kinds of lateral meristems.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They contribute to panicle morphology, spikelet and FM specification, floral organ differentiation, and meristem determinacy (Jeon et al, 2000;Prasad et al, 2005;Cui et al, 2010;Gao et al, 2010;Kobayashi et al, 2010). Rice LEAFY HULL STERILE (LHS1)/OsMADS1, a member of the grass subgroup of LOFSEP genes, referred to henceforth as OsMADS1, is expressed in FMs, functions during FM establishment and floret organ patterning, and contributes to meristem termination (Jeon et al, 2000;Prasad et al, 2001Prasad et al, , 2005Agrawal et al, 2005;Ohmori et al, 2009;Cui et al, 2010;Gao et al, 2010;Li et al, 2010;Wang et al, 2010). In addition to studies on mutants in rice SEP factors, their protein-protein interactions are reported from yeast two-hybrid analyses.…”

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confidence: 99%

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RiceLHS1/OsMADS1Controls Floret Meristem Specification by Coordinated Regulation of Transcription Factors and Hormone Signaling Pathways

2013

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SEPALLATA (SEP) MADS box transcription factors mediate floral development in association with other regulators. Mutants in five rice (Oryza sativa) SEP genes suggest both redundant and unique functions in panicle branching and floret development. LEAFY HULL STERILE1/OsMADS1, from a grass-specific subgroup of LOFSEP genes, is required for specifying a single floret on the spikelet meristem and for floret organ development, but its downstream mechanisms are unknown. Here, key pathways and directly modulated targets of OsMADS1 were deduced from expression analysis after its knockdown and induction in developing florets and by studying its chromatin occupancy at downstream genes. The negative regulation of OsMADS34, another LOFSEP gene, and activation of OsMADS55, a SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE-like floret meristem identity gene, show its role in facilitating the spikelet-to-floret meristem transition. Direct regulation of other transcription factor genes like OsHB4 (a class III homeodomain Leu zipper member), OsBLH1 (a BEL1-like homeodomain member), OsKANADI2, OsKANADI4, and OsETTIN2 show its role in meristem maintenance, determinacy, and lateral organ development. We found that the OsMADS1 targets OsETTIN1 and OsETTIN2 redundantly ensure carpel differentiation. The multiple effects of OsMADS1 in promoting auxin transport, signaling, and auxin-dependent expression and its direct repression of three cytokinin A-type response regulators show its role in balancing meristem growth, lateral organ differentiation, and determinacy. Overall, we show that OsMADS1 integrates transcriptional and signaling pathways to promote rice floret specification and development.Patterning an angiosperm flower requires the combined and individual functions of class A, B, C, D, and E MADS box transcription factors (Krizek and Fletcher, 2005;Thompson and Hake, 2009). In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), the class E activity is conferred by four redundant proteins, SEPALLATA1 (SEP1), SEP2, SEP3, and SEP4, that are cofactors in complexes with other MADS box factors that determine floral organ identities and meristem determinacy (Pelaz et al., 2000). Studies on loss-and gain-of-function mutants in SEP genes together with protein interaction analyses point to their pivotal role in mediating interactions among other floral organ-patterning genes (Honma and Goto, 2001;Ditta et al., 2004;Immink et al., 2009). The largely shared functions of Arabidopsis SEP genes differ from observations that homologs in other plants often have discrete roles in floral development (Malcomber and Kellogg, 2005), but the molecular mechanism underlying their species-specific roles is not well studied. In addition to the ABCDE class of organ fate regulators, a number of hormone signaling pathways influence floral transition, organ numbers, fertility, and floral meristem (FM) determinacy. Dynamic interactions are reported between transcription factors and specific hormone signaling factors during the establishment of Arabidopsis FMs (Sessions et al., 1997;Leibfried et al., ...

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Section: Osmads1 Regulates Oskanadi2 and Oskanadi4 Expressionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Loss-of-function Phenotypesmentioning

confidence: 64%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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RiceLHS1/OsMADS1Controls Floret Meristem Specification by Coordinated Regulation of Transcription Factors and Hormone Signaling Pathways

2013

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RT‐PCR of Human Genes

Surzycki¹

2003

Human Molecular Biology Laboratory

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We isolated and characterized two CYC-like genes from Oreocharis benthamii Clark (Gesneriaceae) in order to investigate their expression patterns. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrates that the two CYC-like genes, ObCYC1 and ObCYC2, belong to GCYC1 and GCYC2 clades in Gesneriaceae, respectively. Gene-specific RT-PCR results show that they have different spatio-temporal expression patterns. ObCYC1 is mainly expressed in the adaxial region of developing flowers as CYC is in Antirrhinum majus. The expression pattern of ObCYC1 demonstrates its basic function of controlling the adaxial floral organ development that is similar to that of CYC in Antirrhinum, which is in correlation with their conserved function domains, i.e. TCP and R domains. However, ObCYC1 is likely to repress the growth of both the adaxial petals and adaxial staminode. In addition, the weakened expression of ObCYC1 near flowering is correlated with the flower morphology of Oreocharis which is characteristic of weak zygomorphy. ObCYC2 exhibits a remarkable differentiation in protein sequence of TCP and R domain in comparison with those of ObCYC1 and CYC. Correlatively, ObCYC2 is inactive in floral tissue. This unique feature of ObCYC2 needs to be investigated by further comparative study both in expression and function in order to understand its basic function and evolutionary pathway in Gesneriaceae and related families.

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Cereal Architecture and Its Manipulation

Dixon

Esse

Hirsz

et al. 2022

Annual Plant Reviews Online

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Our lives depend on an incredibly small number of cereal species whose grain provides more calories to our diet than any other source. The extraordinary productivity of cultivated cereals reflects millennia of selection, recent directed breeding, and modern agricultural practices. Here, we examine selected architectural and agronomic features of major cereal body parts: leaf, branch, inflorescence, stem, and root; and discuss how their manipulation enhanced crop performance. Highlighting synergistic research across laboratory models and field‐based systems, we consider how diversified molecular circuitry, novel regulators and conserved components of genetic, hormonal, and molecular mechanisms control cereal architecture. Lastly, we emphasise the agricultural importance of developmental decisions during cereal growth and propose future perspectives for robust architectural improvement, made ever more urgent by our accelerating climate crisis.

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Ectopic expression of rice OsMADS1 reveals a role in specifying the lemma and palea, grass floral organs analogous to sepals

Cited by 137 publications

References 45 publications

RiceLHS1/OsMADS1Controls Floret Meristem Specification by Coordinated Regulation of Transcription Factors and Hormone Signaling Pathways

RiceLHS1/OsMADS1Controls Floret Meristem Specification by Coordinated Regulation of Transcription Factors and Hormone Signaling Pathways

RT‐PCR of Human Genes

Cereal Architecture and Its Manipulation

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