Ectopic Expression of an FT Homolog from Citrus Confers an Early Flowering Phenotype on Trifoliate Orange (Poncirus trifoliata L. Raf.)

Endo, Tetsuro; Shimada, Takehiko; Fujii, Hiroshi; Kobayashi, Yasushi; Araki, Takashi; Omura, Mitsuo

doi:10.1007/s11248-005-6632-3

Cited by 263 publications

(229 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Transgenic apple plants that express 35S::MdFT1 show early flowering and promotion of flower development within a year after transformation (Kotoda et al 2010;Tränkner et al 2010). Similarly strong promotion of flowering by FT overexpression has been reported for the woody plants poplar, citrus, pear and plum (Endo et al 2005;Hsu et al 2006;Matsuda et al 2009;Srinivasan et al 2012). These results indicate that FT genes from woody plants are highly conserved as a floral activator.…”

supporting

confidence: 66%

Overexpression of Arabidopsis FT gene in apple leads to perpetual flowering

Tanaka

Ureshino

Shigeta

et al. 2014

Plant Biotechnology

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Transgenic apple plants that overexpressed Arabidopsis FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) under the control of the rolC promoter showed early flowering, while the introduction of FT driven by the 35S promoter induced flower development directly from transgenic apple callus in vitro, but vegetative growth was not maintained and the explant died. GFP-FT fusion proteins were detectable in transgenic apple tissues but never caused early flowering in the transformants. Under the control of the rolC promoter, the fused protein was localized in vascular tissues and fluorescence was detectable in companion cells in the stem and petiole. The transgenic apple lines that expressed AtFT driven by the rolC promoter showed differences in inflorescence architecture and floral organ number from those typical of nontransformed apple. Flowers of transgenic apple lines often contained more numerous petals, fewer stamens, and no pistils, and the pollen grains were incapable of germinating. The transgenic apple lines showed perpetual flowering without the requirement for low temperature and obvious photoperiodism. The expression patterns of six floral meristem identity genes and floral organ genes in flowers of transgenic apple lines were investigated. Among the floral meristem identity genes, expression of MdFT2 was suppressed and that of AFL2 was dramatically enhanced in the transformants. Of the floral organ genes, expression of MdMADS13, which functions as a class B gene, was unchanged from that of the flower of wild type one, whereas expression of MdMADS-NB, a possible class C gene, was suppressed.

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supporting

confidence: 66%

Overexpression of Arabidopsis FT gene in apple leads to perpetual flowering

Tanaka

Ureshino

Shigeta

et al. 2014

Plant Biotechnology

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“…The constitutive expression of CiFT (the citrus FT homologue) in Trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata L. -Endo et al 2005), LFY or AP1 in Carrizo citrange (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck × Poncirus trifoliata L. Raf. -Peña et al 2001) and Bp-MADS4 from birch ) in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.…”

Section: Early Flowering In Poplarmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early flowering and genetic containment studies in transgenic poplar

Hoenicka¹,

Lehnhardt²,

Polak³

et al. 2012

iForest

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Despite of the immense potential of gene technologies for tree breeding, release of genetic modified trees is still very rare. Biosafety concerns have hitherto limited application of gene technologies. The potential risks of transgenic trees, in particular transfer of recombinant DNA into the gene pool of a given species via vertical gene transfer, have been motive of concern. Biosafety research may allow avoiding potential risks of this technology. However, the evaluation of strategies for prevention of vertical gene transfer, probably the most important concern toward transgenic trees, has been hindered by the long time they require to reach the reproductive phase. We tested different strategies for promoting early flowering in poplar, aiming the development of a system for biosafety studies on gene containment. Early flowering poplar containing the 35S::LFY or HSP::FT gene constructs allowed first approaches for the faster evaluation of gene containment. However, some drawbacks, e.g., disturbed vegetative growth and flower development, still limit their potential application on biosafety research. A non-transgenic hybrid aspen showing a short vegetative phase was successfully used for the evaluation of the PrMALE1::STS sterility gene construct

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“…FT homologs have been shown to promote flowering in many perennial species (Endo et al, 2005;Böhlenius et al, 2006;Hsu et al, 2006;Kotoda et al, 2010), but at least in Populus trichocarpa, FT is also involved in the control of growth cessation (Böhlenius et al, 2006). Detailed analyses of two Populus FT paralogs have shown that seasonal changes in their expression control the cycling of reproductive and vegetative growth.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mutation inTERMINAL FLOWER1Reverses the Photoperiodic Requirement for Flowering in the Wild StrawberryFragaria vesca

et al. 2012

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Photoperiodic flowering has been extensively studied in the annual short-day and long-day plants rice (Oryza sativa) and Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), whereas less is known about the control of flowering in perennials. In the perennial wild strawberry, Fragaria vesca (Rosaceae), short-day and perpetual flowering long-day accessions occur. Genetic analyses showed that differences in their flowering responses are caused by a single gene, SEASONAL FLOWERING LOCUS, which may encode the F. vesca homolog of TERMINAL FLOWER1 (FvTFL1). We show through high-resolution mapping and transgenic approaches that FvTFL1 is the basis of this change in flowering behavior and demonstrate that FvTFL1 acts as a photoperiodically regulated repressor. In short-day F. vesca, long photoperiods activate FvTFL1 mRNA expression and short days suppress it, promoting flower induction. These seasonal cycles in FvTFL1 mRNA level confer seasonal cycling of vegetative and reproductive development. Mutations in FvTFL1 prevent long-day suppression of flowering, and the early flowering that then occurs under long days is dependent on the F. vesca homolog of FLOWERING LOCUS T. This photoperiodic response mechanism differs from those described in model annual plants. We suggest that this mechanism controls flowering within the perennial growth cycle in F. vesca and demonstrate that a change in a single gene reverses the photoperiodic requirements for flowering.

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Ectopic Expression of an FT Homolog from Citrus Confers an Early Flowering Phenotype on Trifoliate Orange (Poncirus trifoliata L. Raf.)

Cited by 263 publications

References 25 publications

Overexpression of Arabidopsis FT gene in apple leads to perpetual flowering

Overexpression of Arabidopsis FT gene in apple leads to perpetual flowering

Early flowering and genetic containment studies in transgenic poplar

Mutation inTERMINAL FLOWER1Reverses the Photoperiodic Requirement for Flowering in the Wild StrawberryFragaria vesca

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