Ectopia cordis with multiple ventricular septal defect and sternal cleft in a newborn: a case report

Abstract

Introduction and importance: Ectopia cordis is a rare type of malformation where the heart is not located normally. It may be partially or completely located outside the thoracic cavity and can be associated with other congenital abnormalities. Case presentation: This case report is of a 34-week- and 6-day-old female fetus with a birth weight of 2040 g, a height of 41 cm, and a head circumference of 32 cm. The initial physical examination revealed a responsive newborn with an externalized heart outside the chest, with pericardium protection. In addition, a thoracic wall defect was detected suggesting incomplete formation of the septum bone. Moreover, in this case, the echocardiography report showed a multiple ventricular septal defect. Conclusion: The management of ectopia cordis is a challenge for any obstetrician and pediatric surgeon due to its rarity. It causes mental agony and anxiety to the parents. With an early diagnosis, termination of pregnancy can be one of the options. Once it is diagnosed late, it needs a multidisciplinary approach, and the services of a very experienced pediatric surgeon to improve the prognosis.