Ectopia Cordis: reporte de un caso

Abstract

La ectopia cordis es una posición anómala en la cual el corazón se ubica de forma parcial o total fuera de la cavidad torácica. Su tasa de incidencia es extremadamente baja, representa el 0.5% de las cardiopatías de tipo congénito. El corazón puede ubicarse en la región cervical, torácica, abdominal o torácico-abdominal. El pronóstico a corto plazo es malo debido a las malformaciones asociadas. Presentamos el caso de una paciente recién nacida, a quien se le diagnosticó malformación congénita cardíaca de tipo ectopia cordis desde la gestación, al nacimiento se confirmó un defecto del tipo torácico con exposición total de la masa cardiaca. LUXMÉDICA AÑO 10, NÚ- MERO 30, MAYO-AGOSTO 2015, PP 43-47

A Rare Case of Primary Vaginal Malignant Melanoma-Case Report

“…Vaginal melanomas are diagnosed using a combination of histological analysis and visual inspection. When the protein S-100, Melan A, and HMB-45 markers are positive, the diagnosis is confirmed by pathological investigation using IHC of the biopsy sample [1]. Histologically, there are three main forms of vaginal melanomas: epithelioid (which accounts for 55% of cases), spindled, and mixed [2].…”

“…As in our instance, vaginal melanomas are typically located in the lower portion of the anterior vaginal wall. There are no clear identifiable causes of vaginal melanomas, and the literature does not show any appreciable variations among racial or ethnic groups [1]. The cellular microenvironment and interactions between any of these have been implicated in proposed mechanisms of its pathogenesis and etiological variables, however these hypotheses are at best [6].…”

“…Our patient's clinical symptoms included myalgias, arthralgias, weariness, a palpable mass in the genital area, pain, and 2 weeks' worth of foetid transvaginal haemorrhage. According to the bibliography, genital bleeding (80%) and a palpable mass (15%), genital secretions (25%), and local pain (10%) are among the symptoms of vaginal melanoma [1,3]. Vulvar and vaginal melanomas have beginnings that are typically missed by routine examination, with the anatomical location of the lesion being the primary factor in the late diagnosis and poor prognosis of these lesions.…”

“…Most patients have advanced disease when they are first diagnosed [1]. Vaginal melanomas are diagnosed using a combination of histological analysis and visual inspection.…”

“…Primary malignant melanoma of the vagina is a rare tumour that has a short survival period and a significant risk of recurrence. even though the first mention of it was in 1887 [1]. Few than 250-300 cases have been documented in the literature, or just 0.46 cases per million women annually [2].…”