Ectogenesis and the Violinist

Simkulet, William

doi:10.33392/diam.1873

Diametros

2023

DOI: 10.33392/diam.1873

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Ectogenesis and the Violinist

William Simkulet¹

Abstract: Michal Pruski and Richard C. Playford argue that if partial ectogenesis technology becomes available then it would undermine Judith Jarvis Thomson’s defense of abortion. Thomson argues that even if a fetus has a right to life, this is not a positive right to be given whatever one needs to survive; it is not a right to use the mother’s body or to risk her life without her permission. Pruski and Playford argue that when the risks involved in ectogenesis are comparable to those of abortion, then minimal decency r… Show more

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Cited by 2 publications

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Navigating the Ethical Landscape of the Artificial Placenta: A Systematic Review

Cavolo,

Boer,

Proost

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Objective: To present the ethical debate on the artificial placenta (AP) by identifying, distinguishing, and organising the different ethical arguments described in the literature. Method: We conducted a systematic review of the ethical literature. We selected articles based on the following predefined inclusion criteria: presenting fully elaborated ethical arguments, on artificial placenta/partial ectogenesis, English-language. We followed the QUAGOL methodology for the analysis. Results: Forty articles were included. We identified three main themes. First, foundational-ethical issues. There is substantial disagreement on whether the subject is an infant or a new moral entity because it has the physiology of a foetus, but it sits outside the womb. Second, clinical-ethical issues. Few authors believed that the AP would increase reproductive choices. However, the majority warned that the AP could limit reproductive choices by creating pressure to use it in healthy pregnancies or as an alternative to abortion. Third, research ethics issues. Publications mostly focused on selection of the first in-human trial participants, e.g., only parents who have been adequately counselled and for whom a caesarean is medically indicated. Conclusions: The focus of the existing AP ethical literature AP is mostly its potential use as an alternative to abortion or healthy pregnancies rather than on treatment of preterm infants, who will bear the risks of the first AP trial and implementation. Furthermore, all but one article originated from high-income western countries, and no articles discuss the global health perspective. We conclude, therefore, that the current ethical literature on AP is imbalanced: it leans more towards science fiction scenarios than actual clinical and technological reality and it lacks a global ethics perspective.

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Navigating the Ethical Landscape of the Artificial Placenta: A Systematic Review

Cavolo,

Boer,

Proost

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Navigating the Ethical Landscape of the Artificial Placenta: A Systematic Review

Cavolo,

Boer,

Proost

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: To present the ethical debate on the artificial placenta (AP) by identifying, distinguishing, and organizing the different ethical arguments described in the existing literature. Method: We conducted a systematic review of the AP ethical literature. Articles were selected based on predefined inclusion criteria: discussing ethical arguments, on AP, written in English. QUAGOL methodology was used for analysis. Results: Forty-five articles were included. We identified three main themes. First, foundational-ethical issues. There is substantial disagreement on whether the AP subject should be considered an infant or a new moral entity. While physiologically it stays a fetus, it sits outside the womb. Second, reproductive ethics issues. Few authors believed that the AP would increase reproductive choices. However, the majority warned that the AP could limit reproductive choices by creating pressure to use it in healthy pregnancies or as an alternative to abortion. Third, research ethics issues. Publications mostly focused on selection of the in-human trial participants. Conclusions: AP ethical literature focuses mostly on the potential use of AP as an alternative to abortion or healthy pregnancies rather than on the intended use as treatment after extremely premature birth. Furthermore, all but one article originated from high-income western countries, and no article discuss the AP from a global health perspective. We conclude, therefore, that the current ethical literature on AP is imbalanced: it leans more towards science fiction than actual clinical and technological reality, and important perspectives like global health are currently missing from the existing body of literature.

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Ectogenesis and the Violinist

Cited by 2 publications

References 9 publications

Navigating the Ethical Landscape of the Artificial Placenta: A Systematic Review

Navigating the Ethical Landscape of the Artificial Placenta: A Systematic Review

Navigating the Ethical Landscape of the Artificial Placenta: A Systematic Review

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