”Ecstasy"-induced changes of cerebral glucose metabolism and their correlation to acute psychopathology

Schreckenberger, Mathias; Sabri, Osama; Arning, Christoph; Zimny, M.; Zeggel, Thomas; Wagenknecht, Gudrun; Kaiser, Hartmut; Saß, Henning; Buell, Udalrich

doi:10.1007/s002590050497

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 41 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Compared to [O-15]water PET for the measurement of cerebral blood flow with a temporal resolution of 10-30 s (Silbersweig et al, 1993), 18-FDG shows a relatively slower temporal resolution of approximately 20 min, which would indicate that 18-FDG is more appropriate for the investigation of 'tonic' stimulation paradigms or pharmacological challenges (Volkow et al, 1990(Volkow et al, , 1999Vollenweider et al, 1998;Gouzoulis-Mayfrank et al, 1999;Schreckenberger et al, 1999). Since the psychophysiological changes under acute alcohol influence are rather tonic, they are not expected to be adequately Table 3b.…”

Section: Methodical Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Alcohol Effects on Neuronal and Attentional Processing: Striatal Reward System and Inhibitory Sensory Interactions under Acute Ethanol Challenge

Schreckenberger

Amberg

Scheurich

et al. 2004

Neuropsychopharmacol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The acute influence of ethanol on cerebral activity induces complex psycho-physiological effects that are considerably more pronounced during acute ethanol influx than during maximal blood alcohol concentration (elimination phase). Despite the psychiatric and forensic relevance of these different ethanol effects, the underlying neuronal mechanisms are still unclear. In total, 20 male healthy volunteers were investigated each with three different experimental conditions in a randomized order using an intravenous ethanol challenge (40 g bolus infusion): during influx phase, elimination phase, and under placebo condition. During and after the ethanol (or placebo) infusion, neuropsychological testing of divided attention for visual and auditory stimuli was performed with subsequent 18-FDG PET acquisition. The PET data were analysed using SPM99. Ethanol influx and elimination phase showed focal activations in the bilateral striatum and frontal cortex and deactivations in the occipital cortex. The comparison of influx phase vs elimination phase revealed activations in the anterior cingulate and right prefrontal cortex, relevant deactivations were found in the left superior temporal cortex including Wernicke's area. Neuropsychological testing showed an attentional impairment under ethanol influx compared to ethanol elimination and placebo with an inverse correlation of the attentional performance for auditory stimuli to occipital activity and for visual stimuli to the left temporal (including auditory) cortex. Acute ethanol administration in healthy volunteers stimulates those striatal regions that are considered to have a particular relevance for alcohol craving ('reward system'). Modality specific reciprocal inhibition of sensory cortex activity seems to be relevant for attentional performance during acute alcohol impact.

show abstract

Section: Methodical Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Alcohol Effects on Neuronal and Attentional Processing: Striatal Reward System and Inhibitory Sensory Interactions under Acute Ethanol Challenge

Schreckenberger

Amberg

Scheurich

et al. 2004

Neuropsychopharmacol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Other studies showed that low 5-HT activity is associated with decreased prefrontal activity, which is necessary for exerting inhibitory or impulse control over behaviour [95]. Thus, low 5-HT and prefrontal activity observed in SDI may explain not only their compulsive drug use, but also several other co-morbid conditions, such as their depressed mood, and antisocial behaviour [100,103].…”

Section: Neuropharmacological Changes Associated With Substance Addicmentioning

confidence: 98%

Emotion, Decision-Making and Substance Dependence: A Somatic-Marker Model of Addiction

2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Similar to patients with orbitofrontal cortex lesions, substance dependent individuals (SDI) show signs of impairments in decision-making, characterised by a tendency to choose the immediate reward at the expense of severe negative future consequences. The somatic-marker hypothesis proposes that decision-making depends in many important ways on neural substrates that regulate homeostasis, emotion and feeling. According to this model, there should be a link between abnormalities in experiencing emotions in SDI, and their severe impairments in decision-making in real-life. Growing evidence from neuroscientific studies suggests that core aspects of substance addiction may be explained in terms of abnormal emotional guidance of decision-making. Behavioural studies have revealed emotional processing and decision-making deficits in SDI. Combined neuropsychological and physiological assessment has demonstrated that the poorer decision-making of SDI is associated with altered reactions to reward and punishing events. Imaging studies have shown that impaired decision-making in addiction is associated with abnormal functioning of a distributed neural network critical for the processing of emotional information, including the ventromedial cortex, the amygdala, the striatum, the anterior cingulate cortex, and the insular/somato-sensory cortices, as well as non-specific neurotransmitter systems that modulate activities of neural processes involved in decision-making. The aim of this paper is to review this growing evidence, and to examine the extent of which these studies support a somatic-marker model of addiction.

show abstract

“…techniques indicating general neuronal metabolic activity. Although some authors have investigated the acute effects of Ecstasy on glucose metabolism and cerebral blood¯ow (Schreckenberger et al, 1998(Schreckenberger et al, , 1999Gamma et al, 2000), this review concentrates on the long-term effects of MDMAinduced 5-HT neurotoxic lesions. (Terriere et al, 1995), has made it possible to assess the density of cortical HT 2A receptors in the living human brain using SPECT (Busatto et al, 1997).…”

Section: Functional Consequences Of Mdma-induced Neuronal Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the potential neurotoxicity of Ecstasy (MDMA): an imaging approach

Reneman¹,

Booij²,

Majoie

et al. 2001

Human Psychopharmacology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Human users of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, 'Ecstasy') users may be at risk of developing MDMA-induced neuronal injury. Previously, no methods were available for directly evaluating the neurotoxic effects of MDMA in the living human brain. However, development of in vivo neuroimaging tools has begun to provide insights into the effects of MDMA in the human brain. In this review, contributions of brain imaging studies on the potential neurotoxic effects of MDMA and functional consequences are highlighted. An overview is given of PET, SPECT and MR spectroscopy studies, most of which show evidence of neuronal injury in MDMA users. Different neuroimaging tools are discussed that have investigated potential functional consequences of MDMA-induced 5-HT neurotoxic lesions. Finally, the contribution of brain imaging in future studies is discussed, emphasising the crucial role it will play in our understanding of MDMA's short- and long-term effects in the human brain. Copyright 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

show abstract

”Ecstasy"-induced changes of cerebral glucose metabolism and their correlation to acute psychopathology

Cited by 20 publications

References 41 publications

Acute Alcohol Effects on Neuronal and Attentional Processing: Striatal Reward System and Inhibitory Sensory Interactions under Acute Ethanol Challenge

Acute Alcohol Effects on Neuronal and Attentional Processing: Striatal Reward System and Inhibitory Sensory Interactions under Acute Ethanol Challenge

Emotion, Decision-Making and Substance Dependence: A Somatic-Marker Model of Addiction

Investigating the potential neurotoxicity of Ecstasy (MDMA): an imaging approach

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About