Ecotypes of European grass species respond differently to warming and extreme drought

Beierkuhnlein, Carl; Thiel, Daniel; Jentsch, Anke; Willner, E.; Kreyling, Jüergen

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2745.2011.01809.x

Cited by 117 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Experimental evidence suggests that conventional SDM is not able to properly capture the climatic response of species by treating them as homogeneous units (Beierkuhnlein et al, 2011). With this regard, Hernández et al (2006) suggested that research in environmental niche modelling should focus on broad distributional subunits based on distinct genetic linages.…”

Section: Species Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

A framework for species distribution modelling with improved pseudo-absence generation

Iturbide

Bedia

Herrera

et al. 2015

Ecological Modelling

123

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Species distribution models (SDMs) are an important tool in biogeography and phylogeography studies, that most often require explicit absence information to adequately model the environmental space on which species can potentially inhabit. In the so called background pseudo-absences approach, absence locations are simulated in order to obtain a complete sample of the environment. Whilst the commonest approach is random sampling of the entire study region, in its multiple variants, its performance may not be optimal, and the method of generation of pseudo-absences is known to have a significant influence on the results obtained. Here, we compare a suite of classic (random sampling) and novel methods for pseudo-absence * Corresponding author.

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Section: Species Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

A framework for species distribution modelling with improved pseudo-absence generation

Iturbide

Bedia

Herrera

et al. 2015

Ecological Modelling

123

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“…The capacity of an ecosystem to adapt to or absorb the effects of a severe event depends on the severity and longevity of the event (Barrett et al 2008) and the tolerance range of the species present (Beierkuhnlein et al 2011). Once the capacity to absorb impact is exhausted, severe events can have sudden and long-lasting effects, often pushing ecosystems over thresholds towards other regimes (Allen & Breshears 1998) where recovery may be prolonged or not possible (Beisner, Haydon & Cuddington 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic plasticity promotes persistence following severe events: physiological and morphological responses of seagrass to flooding

et al. 2013

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Summary 1.Severe events such as floods or cyclones can have large ecological effects on the structure and functioning of ecosystems. The capacity of an ecosystem to adapt to, or absorb, the effects of a severe event depends on the severity and longevity of the event and the tolerance of the species present.2. Seagrasses exhibit phenotypic plasticity at the plant to meadow scale through a variety of physiological and morphological acclimations to light stress to enhance photosynthetic capacity. These acclimations provide early warning of the possible risk of larger scale seagrass loss and can therefore be used in predicting how ecosystems might respond to severe events. 3.The physiological and morphological responses of 12 seagrass (Zostera muelleri) meadows to a severe flood were examined to test two main hypotheses: (i) that the physiological and morphological characteristics of seagrass would differ between meadows along the established chronic water quality gradient, in a pattern consistent with prior acclimations which have been shown to enhance photosynthetic capacity and (ii) that physiological and morphological responses to the flood would differ between meadows in a manner consistent with their position along the water quality gradient. 4.Meadows had different physiological and morphological characteristics across the water quality gradient, with meadows subject to chronically poorer water quality exhibiting characteristics consistent with those that maximize photosynthetic capacity. Despite a large discrepancy in impact among meadows, all meadows sampled responded consistently to the flood, exhibiting only physiological changes with no significant reduction in biomass. This suggests that photoacclimation to chronically poor conditions can enable seagrasses to withstand the effects of severe events, such as floods. 5.Synthesis. Phenotypic plasticity in habitat-forming species can result in a large variation in their responses to severe events, such as floods or cyclones. Acclimation to prior poor environmental conditions can promote persistence in habitat-forming species, such as seagrasses, following severe events. The measurement of phenotypic characteristics along an impact gradient can therefore provide an indication of the response of habitat-forming species to severe events.

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“…There is also increasing evidence for high intraspecific variability in species responses to extremes, which has been observed to be of equal or even greater magnitude than interspecific variation [51]. High intraspecific variability may be influenced by ecotypic and genetic variation within a species ( [37,52,53], but see [54]). High intraspecific trait variation has thus been posited to contribute to post-extreme shifts in community-weighted trait means irrespective of gains or losses of species from the community [55].…”

Section: Scaling Individual Plant Responses To the Population And Commentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating plant ecological responses to climate extremes from individual to ecosystem levels

Felton

Smith

2017

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

100

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Climate extremes will elicit responses from the individual to the ecosystem level. However, only recently have ecologists begun to synthetically assess responses to climate extremes across multiple levels of ecological organization. We review the literature to examine how plant responses vary and interact across levels of organization, focusing on how individual, population and community responses may inform ecosystem-level responses in herbaceous and forest plant communities. We report a high degree of variability at the individual level, and a consequential inconsistency in the translation of individual or population responses to directional changes in community- or ecosystem-level processes. The scaling of individual or population responses to community or ecosystem responses is often predicated upon the functional identity of the species in the community, in particular, the dominant species. Furthermore, the reported stability in plant community composition and functioning with respect to extremes is often driven by processes that operate at the community level, such as species niche partitioning and compensatory responses during or after the event. Future research efforts would benefit from assessing ecological responses across multiple levels of organization, as this will provide both a holistic and mechanistic understanding of ecosystem responses to increasing climatic variability. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Behavioural, ecological and evolutionary responses to extreme climatic events’.

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Ecotypes of European grass species respond differently to warming and extreme drought

Cited by 117 publications

References 45 publications

A framework for species distribution modelling with improved pseudo-absence generation

A framework for species distribution modelling with improved pseudo-absence generation

Phenotypic plasticity promotes persistence following severe events: physiological and morphological responses of seagrass to flooding

Integrating plant ecological responses to climate extremes from individual to ecosystem levels

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