Ecotoxicological testing of marine and freshwater ecosystems: Emerging techniques, trends and strategies

Besten, P.J. den; Munawar, M.; Suter, Glenn

doi:10.1002/ieam.5630030221

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Other systems were reported in collective publications of researchers (Blaise, Férard 2005) or research articles containing substantial reviews (Ronco et al 2005;Libralato et al 2010;Zhang et al 2012). Short term tests and different systems of classification were applied both for Whole Effluent Toxicity (WET) testing and Whole Effluent Assessment (WEA), (Blaise, Férard 2005); and also, for ambient and in situ surface water quality (SWQ) testing (Den Besten, Munawar 2005;Palma et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wastewater and Landfill Leachate Testing: Acute Toxicity Biotest Results Evaluation

Cetkauskaite

Vosylienė

Kazlauskienė

et al. 2016

Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management

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This diverse review discusses biotest species and results scoring systems, which were applied to aquatic toxicity assessment of effluents/wastewater (WW) and landfill leachate (LL). European and American aquatic toxicity testing is reviewed. An example of Lithuanian research data on LL biotesting with aquatic organisms of different phylogenetic and ontogenetic levels is presented. Acute toxicity WW and LL is assessed on the basis of (L(E)C50, acute Toxic Units (tua), pt values, and, by applying different simple result scoring systems or toxicity thresholds. The differences in legislation and recommendations for biotest application in WW and LL aquatic toxicity testing are compared. It is concluded that WW and LL lowest acute toxicity data (tua value 0.3) should be considered equally as risk to aquatic environment, and technical management decisions should be made. The universal features of toxicity scoring systems, the problems of inventory of old small landfills and cost effective approach are discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wastewater and Landfill Leachate Testing: Acute Toxicity Biotest Results Evaluation

Cetkauskaite

Vosylienė

Kazlauskienė

et al. 2016

Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management

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“…In the biomarker selection, sensitivity is the key factor, because the greater the biomarker sensitivity to the xenobiotic exposure, the earlier will be its response avoiding occurrence of deleterious effects on the organism or the population (den Besten and Munawar, ). In this regard, a good biomarker is the one that is strongly dependent on concentration and exposure time to a xenobiotic stress (Enrst and Peterson, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic and biochemical biomarkers in the macrophyte Bidens laevis L. Exposed to a commercial formulation of endosulfan

Pérez

Lukaszewicz

Menone

et al. 2013

Environmental Toxicology

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Previous studies in the wetland macrophyte Bidens laevis L have demonstrated that the insecticide endosulfan induces a high frequency of somatic chromosome aberrations in anaphase-telophase (CAAT) but no DNA changes as determined by the single cell gel electrophoresis (Comet) assay. Thus, cytogenetic biomarkers appear to be more sensitive to the toxic effects of the insecticide than the DNA molecule in the studied species. For this reason, the goals of this study were to use cytogenetic biomarkers--CAAT and abnormal metaphase--and defense biomarkers such as the activity of the antioxidant enzymes--guaiacol peroxidases (POD), glutathione reductase, and microsomal and cytosolic (m- and c-) glutathione-S-transferase (GST)--to evaluate in B. laevis effects caused by a commercial formulation of endosulfan. The frequency of CAAT was increased at 5, 10, 50, and 100 μg/L endosulfan with respect to the negative controls by 3.1, 2.5, 2.5, and 3.2-fold, respectively while the frequency of abnormal metaphases was also increased at the same concentrations by 3.5, 2.8, 3.2, and 11.3-fold, respectively. In addition to these aneugenic effects, other abnormalities such as C-mitosis and chromosome clumping were observed at 10 μg/L endosulfan. On the other hand, POD induction at 0.02, 0.5, 5, and 10 μg/L and m-GST inhibition at 0.5, 10, and 50 μg/L in plants exposed during 24 h to endosulfan were observed but all of these responses were highly variable. In conclusion, only cytogenetic biomarkers like CAAT in B. laevis can serve potentially as early warning systems to detect environmentally relevant concentrations of endosulfan in aquatic ecosystems.

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“…Algae are commonly used to assess the harmful effects of industrial chemicals on the environment (39). In this study, the EC 50 value for Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata was 81.6 mg L -1…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Assessment of acrylamide toxicity using a battery of standardised bioassays / Procjena toksičnosti akrilamida pomoću standardiziranih biotestova

Zovko¹,

Vidaković-Cifrek

Cvetković

et al. 2015

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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Acrylamide is a monomer widely used as an intermediate in the production of organic chemicals, e.g. polyacrylamides (PAMs). Since PAMs are low cost chemicals with applications in various industries and waste-and drinking water treatment, a certain amount of non-polymerised acrylamide is expected to end up in waterways. PAMs are non-toxic but acrylamide induces neurotoxic effects in humans and genotoxic, reproductive, and carcinogenic effects in laboratory animals. In order to evaluate the effect of acrylamide on freshwater organisms, bioassays were conducted on four species: algae Desmodesmus subspicatus and Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, duckweed Lemna minor and water flea Daphnia magna according to ISO (International Organization for Standardisation) standardised methods. This approach ensures the evaluation of acrylamide toxicity on organisms with different levels of organisation and the comparability of results, and it examines the value of using a battery of low-cost standardised bioassays in the monitoring of pollution and contamination of aquatic ecosystems. These results showed that EC 50 values were lower for Desmodesmus subspicatus and Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata than for Daphnia magna and Lemna minor, which suggests an increased sensitivity of algae to acrylamide. According to the toxic unit approach, the values estimated by the Lemna minor and Daphnia magna bioassays, classify acrylamide as slightly toxic (TU=0-1; Class 1). The results obtained from algal bioassays (Desmodesmus subspicatus and Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata) revealed the toxic effect of acrylamide (TU=1-10; Class 2) on these organisms.

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Ecotoxicological testing of marine and freshwater ecosystems: Emerging techniques, trends and strategies

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Wastewater and Landfill Leachate Testing: Acute Toxicity Biotest Results Evaluation

Wastewater and Landfill Leachate Testing: Acute Toxicity Biotest Results Evaluation

Genetic and biochemical biomarkers in the macrophyte Bidens laevis L. Exposed to a commercial formulation of endosulfan

Assessment of acrylamide toxicity using a battery of standardised bioassays / Procjena toksičnosti akrilamida pomoću standardiziranih biotestova

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