Ecotoxicological impact of graphene oxide: toxic effects on the model organism <i>Artemia franciscana</i>

Cavion, Federica; Fusco, Laura; Sosa, Silvio; Manfrin, Chiara; Alonso, Beatriz; Zurutuza, Amaia; Loggia, R. Della; Tubaro, Aurelia; Prato, Maurizio; Pelin, Marco

doi:10.1039/d0en00747a

Cited by 21 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Indeed, Instar I larvae's lack of critical anatomical formations (i.e., mouth and anus) limits the ingestion and the possible bioaccumulation of compounds which could not be absorbed through the external surface of Artemia due to their not-sufficient lipophilicity or small dimensions, such as PLTX. Our finding is in agreement with previous studies showing that Artemia stage I nauplii are more resistant than adults to some xenobiotics, such as inorganic chemical reagents and elements (copper) [38,39] or nanomaterials [40,41]. Notwithstanding, PLTX effects recorded by our study on A. franciscana cysts hatching and its lethality for adults, as well as the effects on nauplii observed by previous studies, suggest that seawater concentrations of PLTX during Ostreopsis blooms could negatively impact Artemia population in marine zooplankton.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Ecotoxicological Impact of the Marine Toxin Palytoxin on the Micro-Crustacean Artemia franciscana

et al. 2022

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Palytoxin (PLTX) is a highly toxic polyether identified in various marine organisms, such as Palythoa soft corals, Ostreopsis dinoflagellates, and Trichodesmium cyanobacteria. In addition to adverse effects in humans, negative impacts on different marine organisms have been often described during Ostreopsis blooms and the concomitant presence of PLTX and its analogues. Considering the increasing frequency of Ostreopsis blooms due to global warming, PLTX was investigated for its effects on Artemia franciscana, a crustacean commonly used as a model organism for ecotoxicological studies. At concentrations comparable to those detected in culture media of O. cf. ovata (1.0–10.0 nM), PLTX significantly reduced cysts hatching and induced significant mortality of the organisms, both at larval and adult stages. Adults appeared to be the most sensitive developmental stage to PLTX: significant mortality was recorded after only 12 h of exposure to PLTX concentrations > 1.0 nM, with a 50% lethal concentration (LC50) of 2.3 nM (95% confidence interval = 1.2–4.7 nM). The toxic effects of PLTX toward A. franciscana adults seem to involve oxidative stress induction. Indeed, the toxin significantly increased ROS levels and altered the activity of the major antioxidant enzymes, in particular catalase and peroxidase, and marginally glutathione-S-transferase and superoxide dismutase. On the whole, these results indicate that environmentally relevant concentrations of PLTX could have a negative effect on Artemia franciscana population, suggesting its potential ecotoxicological impact at the marine level.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Ecotoxicological Impact of the Marine Toxin Palytoxin on the Micro-Crustacean Artemia franciscana

et al. 2022

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“…GBMs are known to accumulate in the gut and gills of different organisms such as amphibians (Lagier et al, 2017), invertebrates (Cavion et al, 2020;Lv et al, 2018) as well as fish where it exert adverse effects (Zheng et al, 2019). Similar observations were made in zebrafish using radiolabeled graphene (Lu et al, 2017) while GO was able to translocate from the water to the brain of zebrafish (Hu et al, 2017).…”

Section: Tablesupporting

confidence: 55%

Graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide promote the effects of exogenous T3 thyroid hormone in the amphibian Xenopus laevis

et al. 2021

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“…Furthermore, the Based on the results of mortality assay, Zhu et al [63] showed that the acute exposure of Artemia salina larvae (instar I, II, and III) to GO induces significant changes in mortality and morphological and physiological parameters; however, some of the concentration used for treatments of GO were higher (respectively 25, 50, 100, 200, 400, 600 mg/L) than used in this study. On the contrary, in another study [64] a weak toxic effect of GO on Artemia franciscana was shown. The organisms at the adult stage were more sensitive than those at the nauplii instar I.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

One-Pot Synthesis of TiO2-rGO Photocatalysts for the Degradation of Groundwater Pollutants

et al. 2021

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A non-conventional approach to prepare titanium dioxide-reduced graphene oxide (TiO2-rGO) nanocomposites based on solar photoreduction is here presented. The standard hydro-solvothermal synthesis of the TiO2-rGO composites requires high temperatures and several steps, whereas the proposed one-pot preparation allows one to obtain the photocatalysts with a simple and green procedure, by exploiting the photocatalytic properties of titania activated by the solar irradiation. The TiO2-rGO catalysts were tested in the solar photodegradation of a widely adopted toxic herbicide (2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2,4-D), obtaining the 97% of degradation after 3 h of irradiation. The as-prepared TiO2-rGO composites were more active compared to the same photocatalysts prepared through the conventional thermal route. The structural, optical, and textural properties of the composites, determined by Raman, Photoluminescence, Fourier Transform InfraRed (FTIR), UV-vis diffuse reflectance (DRS) spectroscopies, and N2 absorption-desorption measurements, showed as the solar irradiation favors the reduction of graphene oxide with higher efficiency compared to the thermal-driven synthesis. Furthermore, the possible toxicity of the as-synthesized composites was measured exposing nauplii of microcrustacean Artemia sp. to solutions containing TiO2-rGO. The good results in the 2,4-D degradation process and the easiness of the TiO2-rGO synthesis allow to consider the proposed approach a promising strategy to obtain performing photocatalysts.

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Ecotoxicological impact of graphene oxide: toxic effects on the model organism Artemia franciscana

Abstract: The environmental impact of graphene oxide was evaluated on the model organism Artemia franciscana for ecotoxicological studies considering different biological parameters.

Cited by 21 publications

References 53 publications

Ecotoxicological Impact of the Marine Toxin Palytoxin on the Micro-Crustacean Artemia franciscana

Ecotoxicological Impact of the Marine Toxin Palytoxin on the Micro-Crustacean Artemia franciscana

Graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide promote the effects of exogenous T3 thyroid hormone in the amphibian Xenopus laevis

One-Pot Synthesis of TiO2-rGO Photocatalysts for the Degradation of Groundwater Pollutants

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