Ecotoxicity and hematological effects of a natural insecticide based on tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) extract on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Abstract

Natural insecticides from plant extracts represent an alternative to the highly toxic synthetic products in order to reduce environmental contamination; however some might also be toxic for nontarget organisms. The present study determined the 50% lethal concentration (48h; LC50) for adults Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) exposed to the natural insecticide Fumydro ® , based on the tobacco plant (Nicotiana tabacum), and evaluated its effect on hematological variables. After preliminary tests, adult specimens of O. niloticus were exposed to four Fumydro ® concentrations (200, 300, 400 and 500 μL L-1). The 48h; LC50 of Fumydro ® was determined at 370 ± 50 μL L-1. The surviving fish after exposure to Fumydro ® showed an increase in the number of red blood cells, hemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular hemoglobin and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration. The number of thrombocytes and leukocytes has not changed, unlike the differential leukocyte count that presented an increased percentage of neutrophils. The results indicated that the insecticide Fumydro ® is highly toxic to Nile tilapia and changes in erythrocyte variables suggested the induction to hypoxemia with low effect on the immune system.

Laboratory Test of Cigarette Butt Waste and Soursop Leaf (Annona muricata L.) Extracts as Biopesticides of Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda)

“…The plant that is commonly used as a biopesticide is tobacco (Villaverde et al, 2016). Tobacco is found in cigarette waste and contains various compounds that showed insecticidal activity (Millan et al, 2013). Cigarette butts contain the same content as tobacco, namely nicotine, phenol, and eugenol.…”

Structural Modifications and Biological Activities of Natural α- and β-Cembrenediol: A Comprehensive Review

“…Tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum L.) is an important industrial crop cultivated worldwide which generates a large amount of tax revenues for governments and increases the incomes of farmers and cigarette companies. In addition to being the raw material for the production of cigarettes, the crude extract of N. tabacum is used as an insecticide in folk medicine [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. Hundreds of compounds that contain alkaloids, terpenoids, and sugar esters have been identified from this plant in bioassay-guided separation processes or other methods [ 4 ].…”