Ecotourism development with SWOT analysis as an effort to conserve mangrove ecosystems in Kotabaru Regency, South Kalimantan Province, Indonesia

Abstract

The extent of Indonesia's mangrove forests has decreased in recent decades, generally influenced by anthropogenic factors including in Kotabaru Regency of South Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. It is necessary to prepare alternative livelihoods and sustainable use of mangrove areas as an effort to reduce pressure on mangrove forests, through cultivation in mangrove areas (silvofishery) and ecotourism. One of the methods used to map the potential of ecotourism is by using a descriptive analysis approach and SWOT analysis (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, and Threats). The potential suitability of mangrove ecotourism can be assessed by: 1) identified the SWOT factors according to local characteristics then calculating weights and scores of these parameters; 2) field survey to acquire the thickness of mangrove vegetation from coast to land, mangrove density, mangrove species, tidal water levels in mangrove areas, aquatic and terrestrial biota objects that interact in mangroves, accessibility, and connectivity with other tourism area. The strategies for mangrove conservation at provincial level which have been formulated using SWOT approach, then derived into action plan at regional level by identifying a potential site for this purpose. Based on Mangrove Tourism Suitability Index, this site gains a total score of 2.81, (very appropriate category). Recommended mangrove ecotourism activities can be integrated with shrimp/milkfish/crab in silvofishery area which will be managed by local communities, as well as mangrove breeding and mangrove planting activities for mangroves species that naturally grow in the area.