“…Tourism as an isolated industry sector is not the panacea for a reduction in CO 2 emissions. The very nature of transportation, as a significant component of all forms of tourism, particularly long-haul tourism, and tourism to natural areas creates further harm to the environment that tourists are drawn to (Schweinsberg and Darcy, 2022). The tourism industry has always focused on incorporating innovation to decrease the carbon footprint caused by various means of travel transportation, including by car, train, air and cruise (Luo et al , 2018; Paiano et al , 2020).…”