Ecosystem restoration after bauxite mining: favorable indicators for Technosols construction and soil management using liming and subsoiling

Martins, Walmer Bruno Rocha; Schwartz, Gustavo; Ribeiro, Sabrina Santos; Ferreira, Gracialda Costa; Barbosa, Rodrigo de Souza; Paula, Manoel Tavares de; Barbosa, Victor Moreira; Oliveira, Francisco de Assis

doi:10.1007/s11056-021-09834-5

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…The panel in Figure 5 [35][36][37][38], below, shows the exploitation of bauxite advancing towards the forests, however, it is important to report that in order to minimize this action, some reforestation programs [39][40][41] have been carried out with the aim of mitigating this situation in view of the environmental assumptions.…”

Section: Bauxite Extraction In Alumina Production and The Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The teaching of chemical technologies associated with industrial contamination that impacts the environment

Mainier,

Mainier

2024

Navigating Through the Knowledge of Education

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This work aims to demonstrate the importance of knowledge for the formulation of clean technologies in the production of materials and chemical products, which do not go against the interests of society and are centered on environmental preservation. Most chemical processes were conceived at the beginning of the century or in the 1950s, where the principles of preservation of man, the environment and industrial safety were not fundamental requirements in the implementation of these large basic industries. The origin of the raw materials and the multiple industrial technologies adopted in the manufacture of various products and the recovery of industrial waste or other origins are fundamental factors that dictate the quality of the final product. Several industrial processes were presented where the level and type of contaminant is inseparably linked to its origins and the industrial processes imposed. In addition, it is concluded that it is important to develop a critical technical awareness in society, especially in the University, which aims to understand the manufacturing routes of the products and the contaminants generated and/or aggregated during industrial processing, especially in relation to the quality of the products and environmental preservation.

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Section: Bauxite Extraction In Alumina Production and The Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The teaching of chemical technologies associated with industrial contamination that impacts the environment

Mainier,

Mainier

2024

Navigating Through the Knowledge of Education

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“…Indeed, a complexity approach may be useful where these conditions constrain the restoration of a target community. 3) Restoration initiation, depending on the system, includes the establishment of physical attributes in hydrological systems (Palmer et al 2014), the plant species sown (Fry et al 2018), choosing between natural colonisation and planting trees (Reid et al 2018) or undertaking soil amendments (Martins et al 2021). A complexity approach could involve applying a range of methods over a landscape, selecting functional groups that enhance species interactions at the site level (Fry et al 2018) and avoiding more difficult approaches if the aim is no longer to establish a reference system.…”

Section: Influential Factors For Restoring Complexitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several factors have been related to speeding up success for traditional restoration, and we list some of these that are likely to be important in enhancing complexity.2) The initial state or level of degradation is important for traditional restoration, with more degraded sites typically taking longer to restore, particularly if that initial state is physically and/or chemically adverse (Klimkowska et al 2010, Crouzeilles et al 2016). Indeed, a complexity approach may be useful where these conditions constrain the restoration of a target community.3) Restoration initiation , depending on the system, includes the establishment of physical attributes in hydrological systems (Palmer et al 2014), the plant species sown (Fry et al 2018), choosing between natural colonisation and planting trees (Reid et al 2018) or undertaking soil amendments (Martins et al 2021). A complexity approach could involve applying a range of methods over a landscape, selecting functional groups that enhance species interactions at the site level (Fry et al 2018) and avoiding more difficult approaches if the aim is no longer to establish a reference system.4) Management throughout a restoration programme can range from the more ‘hands‐off' approach of rewilding to highly interventionist (du Toit and Pettorelli 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Future restoration should enhance ecological complexity and emergent properties at multiple scales

et al. 2021

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Ecological restoration has a paradigm of re-establishing 'indigenous reference' communities. One resulting concern is that focussing on target communities may not necessarily create systems which function at a high level or are resilient in the face of ongoing global change. Ecological complexity -defined here, based on theory, as the number of components in a system and the number of connections among themprovides a complementary aim, which can be measured directly and has several advantages. Ecological complexity encompasses key ecosystem variables including structural heterogeneity, trophic interactions and functional diversity. Ecological complexity can also be assessed at the landscape scale, with metrics including β diversity, heterogeneity among habitat patches and connectivity. Thus, complexity applies, and can be measured, at multiple scales. Importantly, complexity is linked to system emergent properties, e.g. ecosystem functions and resilience, and there is evidence that both are enhanced by complexity. We suggest that restoration ecology should consider a new paradigm to restore complexity at multiple scales, in particular of individual ecosystems and across landscapes. A complexity approach can make use of certain current restoration methods but also encompass newer concepts such as rewilding. Indeed, a complexity goal might in many cases best be achieved by interventionist restoration methods. Incorporating complexity into restoration policies could be quite straightforward. Related aims such as enhancing ecosystem services and ecological resilience are to the fore in initiatives such as the Sustainable Development Goals and the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. Implementation in policy and practice will need the development of complexity metrics that can be applied at both local and regional scales. Ultimately, the adoption of an ecological complexity paradigm will be based on an acceptance that the ongoing and unprecedented global environmental change requires new ways of doing restoration that is fit for the future.

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“…Restoration encompasses different methods, all in response to degradation level, expected recovery time, speci c local constraints, and nancial resources (Martins et al 2021;Barbosa et al 2022;Oliveira et al 2022Oliveira et al , 2023. Regarding kaolin mining, in which the return of soil conditions can exceed 150 years (Lane et al 2020), trenches can be an e cient alternative to minimize impacts caused by intense soil compaction during mining operations (Ribeiro et al 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Restoration through trenches does not demand organic fertilization and sawdust coverage on plant establishment

Ribeiro,

Martins,

Rodrigues

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Forest restoration in post-open pit mining areas is complex and faces the challenge of “recreating” the soil under horizontal disruption, representing strong barriers to root growth. Hence, trenches (paths opened by digging) for planting are an alternative to improve root development conditions and plant growth. This study aimed to evaluate growth of six tree species planted in trenches under three treatments: Topsoil or control (TS), Sawdust (SD) and Cow manure (CM). The trenches (1 m in height and length by 40 m long) were filled with topsoil. In the 6-m space between trenches, two treatments were performed: soil covered and not covered by sawdust to test natural regeneration. Six tree species (250 individuals) in pits over trenches where Mean Annual Increment in height (MAIHt,), diameter (MAIDSH), crown area (MAICA), and survival were assessed. After 18 months, mortality was 2.4%, Clitoria fairchildiana, Tachigali vulgaris, and Croton matourensis showed highest MAIHt and MAIDSH, and the C. fairchildiana presented the highest MAICA with no statistical differences among treatments. Sawdust coverage had no effects on litter amounts and on tree species from the natural regeneration. Herbs and grasses covered 45.5% and 57.2% of the soil with and without sawdust. Based on growth and mortality, C. fairchildiana, T. vulgaris, and C. matarensis can be recommended for initial restoration after kaolin mining.

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Ecosystem restoration after bauxite mining: favorable indicators for Technosols construction and soil management using liming and subsoiling

Cited by 17 publications

References 83 publications

The teaching of chemical technologies associated with industrial contamination that impacts the environment

The teaching of chemical technologies associated with industrial contamination that impacts the environment

Future restoration should enhance ecological complexity and emergent properties at multiple scales

Restoration through trenches does not demand organic fertilization and sawdust coverage on plant establishment

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