Ecosystem carbon stock loss after a mega earthquake

Liu, Jie; Fan, Xuanmei; Tang, Xiaolu; Xu, Qiang; Harvey, Erin; Hales, Tristram C.; Jin, Zhangdong

doi:10.1016/j.catena.2022.106393

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…In addition, no visible reduction of vegetation growth is observed here because there is no obvious direct destruction and devastation wrought phenomena in this region. So far, photosynthetic capacity of vegetation on partly landslide scars has not returned to the normal level, which is a key influence factor of terrestrial ecosystem carbon re‐accumulation in the initial years after landslide disturbances, contributing some evidence to Schomakers et al's (2017) study as well as Liu et al's (2022) study. The impact of an extreme event on ecosystem carbon cycle is long‐term and profound, with the characteristics of time continuity and spatial heterogeneity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…By field observation, Schomakers et al (2017) suggest that landslides are strong carbon sinks once damaged vegetation re-establishes after an initial lag period. While, Liu et al (2022)'s results showed that landslides observably decreased vegetation carbon stock by 27.63 Mg ha À1 and soil carbon stock by 89.61 Mg ha À1 from the insitu study, resulting in an 89.6% reduction in the total carbon stock of the local ecosystem.…”

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confidence: 97%

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Net primary productivity changes associated with landslides induced by the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake

et al. 2022

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The 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake triggered massive landslide erosion, especially in mountainous terrain, which had a great impact on carbon storage of the local terrestrial ecosystem. However, variation in carbon flux and restoration of ecosystem function after the Wenchuan Earthquake remain open issues. In this study, we evaluated the current restored vegetation productive capability on the coseismic landslide scars through moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) net primary productivity (NPP) imagery, and explored their sensitivity to meteorological, topographical, and geological factors. The spatio-temporal evolution and future sustainability of NPP of the landslides after the Earthquake were revealed. The following results were obtained: (i) After 13 years, only 45.36% of the vegetation productivity capability of the landslide scars reached the pre-earthquake level. (ii) Meteorological factors (precipitation and temperature) have strongest influences on vegetation productivity capability recovery over the coseismic landslide scars, followed by topography (aspect, slope, and altitude) and the lithology of landslides. (iii) The extremely significant improvement (p < 0.01) and significant improvement (0.01 ≤ p < 0.05) in annual NPP pixel values from 2008 to 2021 accounted for 18.92% and 28.30% of the total area, respectively. The slight degradation (p < 0.1) in annual NPP pixel values from 2008 to 2021 account for 0.01% of the total area. In general, the NPP has shown an improving trend since the Wenchuan Earthquake. Moreover, 60.95% of the total area shows the trends of continuous improvement in the future. This study provides important insight into how mega-earthquakes affect regional ecosystem carbon flux and contributes to our understanding of ecosystem carbon cycles along with earthquake-induced geohazard chains.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

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confidence: 97%

Net primary productivity changes associated with landslides induced by the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake

et al. 2022

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“…Strong seismic shaking in a steep mountain belt induces hundreds to thousands of landslides, thereby eroding the topography instantaneously 2 . Quantifying the volume of earthquake-induced landslides (EQIL) is critical to understand the topographic evolution and mountain building processes 3 , mass wasting and sediment budget 4,5 , reservoir siltation 6 , to ascertain chains of geohazard risk in downstream patches including debris ows and oods 7,8 , vegetation dynamics and carbon sink [9][10][11] , and other atmospheric and surface processes 12 . However, only a limited number of studies succeeded in accurately quantifying EQIL volumes immediately following a seismic event 1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Earthquake-induced soil landslides: volume estimates and uncertainties with the existing scaling exponents

Yunus

Chen

Catani

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Quantifying landslide volumes in earthquake affected areas is critical to understand the orogenic processes and their surface effects at different spatio-temporal scales. Here, we build an accurate scaling relationship to estimate the volume of soil landslides based on 1 m pre- and post-event LiDAR elevation models. On compiling an inventory of 1719 landslides in Mw 6.6 Hokkaido earthquake epicentral region, we find that the volume of soil landslides can be estimated by γ = 1.15–1.18. The total volume of eroded debris from Hokkaido catchments based on this new scaling relationship is estimated as 64–72 million m3. Uncertainties from the existing scaling relationships are found large except for the one found in recent literature 1. Based on the GNSS data approximation, we noticed that the co-seismic uplift volume is smaller than the eroded volume, suggesting that frequent large earthquakes may be counterbalancing the topographic uplift through erosion by landslides.

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“…Strong seismic shaking in a steep mountain belt induces hundreds to thousands of landslides, thereby eroding the topography instantaneously 1 . Quantifying the volume of earthquake-induced landslides (EQIL) is critical to understand the topographic evolution and mountain building processes 2 , mass wasting and sediment budget 3 , 4 , reservoir siltation 5 , to ascertain chains of geohazard risk in downstream patches including debris flows and floods 6 , 7 , vegetation dynamics and carbon sink 8 – 10 , and other atmospheric and surface processes 11 . However, only a limited number of studies succeeded in accurately quantifying EQIL volumes immediately following a seismic event 12 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Earthquake-induced soil landslides: volume estimates and uncertainties with the existing scaling exponents

Yunus

Chen

Catani

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Quantifying landslide volumes in earthquake affected areas is critical to understand the orogenic processes and their surface effects at different spatio-temporal scales. Here, we build an accurate scaling relationship to estimate the volume of shallow soil landslides based on 1 m pre- and post-event LiDAR elevation models. On compiling an inventory of 1719 landslides for 2018 Mw 6.6 Hokkaido-Iburi earthquake epicentral region, we find that the volume of soil landslides can be estimated by γ = 1.15. The total volume of eroded debris from Hokkaido-Iburi catchments based on this new scaling relationship is estimated as 64–72 million m3. Based on the GNSS data approximation, we noticed that the co-seismic uplift volume is smaller than the eroded volume, suggesting that frequent large earthquakes (and rainfall extremes) may be counterbalancing the topographic uplift through erosion by landslides, especially in humid landscapes such as Japan, where soil properties are rather weak.

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Ecosystem carbon stock loss after a mega earthquake

Cited by 6 publications

References 57 publications

Net primary productivity changes associated with landslides induced by the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake

Net primary productivity changes associated with landslides induced by the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake

Earthquake-induced soil landslides: volume estimates and uncertainties with the existing scaling exponents

Earthquake-induced soil landslides: volume estimates and uncertainties with the existing scaling exponents

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